TABLE 4.
Percentages of oral health problems (risk) per ROAG‐J items and the relation to other factors registered in Senior Alert. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI)
| Voice a | Lips | Mucous membranes | Tongue | Gums b | Teeth b | Dentures c | Saliva | Swallowing | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | % | OR (95% CI) | |
| Total | 9.3 | – | 7.0 | – | 7.3 | – | 7.5 | – | 8.9 | – | 27.4 | – | 15.9 | – | 9.1 | – | 12.8 | – |
| Age | ||||||||||||||||||
| 65–74 | 11.4 | 1.32 (1.23–1.43) | 7.5 | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) | 8.0 | 1.14 (1.04–1.23) | 8.2 | 1.15 (1.06–1.25) | 12.0 | 1.58 (1.47–1.70) | 32.3 | 1.38 (1.31–1.46) | 22.6 | 1.66 (1.50–1.83) | 8.4 | 0.91 (0.84–0.98) | 15.3 | 1.30 (1.22–1.39) |
| 75–84 | 9.4 | 1.07 (1.01–1.12) | 6.9 | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 7.6 | 1.02 (0.97–1.08) | 7.5 | 1.06 (1.00–1.12) | 9.7 | 1.25 (1.18–1.32) | 28.3 | 1.14 (1.10–1.19) | 16.6 | 1.13 (1.06–1.21) | 8.9 | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) | 12.9 | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) |
| 85–94 | 8.3 | 1.00 (ref) | 6.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.0 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.1 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 25.6 | 1.00 (ref) | 14.7 | 1.00 (ref) | 8.8 | 1.00 (ref) | 11.0 | 1.00 (ref) |
| ≥95 | 9.1 | 1.10 (1.01–1.20) | 7.2 | 1.02 (0.93–1.12) | 7.7 | 1.10 (1.00–1.21) | 7.5 | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 7.4 | 0.94 (0.85–1.04) | 26.7 | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 15.4 | 1.03 (0.94–1.13) | 10.0 | 1.12 (1.03–1.21) | 11.8 | 1.10 (1.02–1.18) |
| Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
| Female | 8.7 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.2 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.1 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.2 | 1.00 (ref) | 8.4 | 1.00 (ref) | 25.2 | 1.00 (ref) | 14.7 | 1.00 (ref) | 9.6 | 1.00 (ref) | 12.5 | 1.00 (ref) |
| Male | 10.6 | 1.25 (1.19–1.31) | 6.4 | 0.88 (0.83–0.93) | 7.6 | 1.08 (1.02–1.13) | 7.9 | 1.11 (1.05–1.16) | 9.7 | 1.17 (1.11–1.23) | 31.4 | 1.36 (1.31–1.41) | 18.8 | 1.34 (1.26–1.42) | 8.1 | 0.84 (0.80–0.88) | 13.4 | 1.09 (1.04–1.13) |
| BMI | ||||||||||||||||||
| Underweight | 15.7 | 1.67 (1.57–1.78) | 11.1 | 1.58 (1.47–1.70) | 11.2 | 1.55 (1.45–1.67) | 10.8 | 1.48 (1.38–1.59) | 11.4 | 1.34 (1.25–1.44) | 31.8 | 1.26 (1.19–1.34) | 20.4 | 1.30 (1.19–1.42) | 14.5 | 1.69 (1.58–1.80) | 21.0 | 1.70 (1.60–1.80) |
| Normal range | 10.0 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.3 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.5 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.6 | 1.00 (ref) | 8.7 | 1.00 (ref) | 27.1 | 1.00 (ref) | 16.5 | 1.00 (ref) | 9.1 | 1.00 (ref) | 13.6 | 1.00 (ref) |
| Overweight | 7.4 | 0.71 (0.67–0.75) | 5.6 | 0.75 (0.71–0.80) | 6.0 | 0.79 (0.74–0.84) | 6.5 | 0.85 (0.80–0.90) | 8.5 | 0.97 (0.92–1.03) | 26.5 | 0.97 (0.93–1.01) | 14.3 | 0.85 (0.79–0.90) | 7.7 | 0.83 (0.79–0.88) | 10.5 | 0.75 (0.71–0.79) |
| Obese | 6.2 | 0.59 (0.55–0.64) | 5.2 | 0.69 (0.64–0.76) | 5.8 | 0.76 (0.70–0.82) | 6.4 | 0.83 (0.77–0.90) | 8.3 | 0.95 (0.88–1.02) | 26.5 | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) | 14.4 | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) | 7.6 | 0.81 (0.76–0.88) | 8.5 | 0.59 (0.55–0.63) |
| Physical condition | ||||||||||||||||||
| Good | 5.4 | 1.00 (ref) | 4.5 | 1.00 (ref) | 4.7 | 1.00 (ref) | 5.0 | 1.00 (ref) | 6.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 22.3 | 1.00 (ref) | 12.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 6.0 | 1.00 (ref) | 7.8 | 1.00 (ref) |
| Fair | 11.3 | 2.22 (2.11–2.33) | 8.0 | 1.86 (1.75–1.96) | 8.3 | 1.84 (1.74–1.94) | 8.5 | 1.76 (1.67–1.86) | 10.0 | 1.52 (1.44–1.59) | 30.9 | 1.56 (1.50–1.61) | 17.9 | 1.47 (1.38–1.55) | 10.3 | 1.79 (1.71–1.89) | 15.7 | 2.20 (2.10–2.30) |
| Poor | 24.7 | 5.68 (5.27–6.12) | 18.0 | 4.69 (4.32–5.09) | 18.5 | 4.61 (4.25–4.99) | 18.1 | 4.20 (3.87–4.55) | 15.6 | 2.51 (2.31–2.74) | 41.4 | 2.45 (2.30–2.62) | 25.5 | 2.30 (2.07–2.55) | 22.6 | 4.58 (4.25–4.93) | 30.8 | 5.25 (4.90–5.63) |
| Very bad | 31.6 | 8.01 (6.78–9.46) | 24.7 | 7.02 (5.92–8.33) | 25.3 | 6.89 (5.81–8.16) | 25.3 | 6.47 (5.46–7.66) | 19.4 | 3.27 (2.70–3.96) | 41.0 | 2.41 (2.04–2.85) | 30.0 | 2.88 (2.24–3.70) | 30.6 | 6.91 (5.89–8.10) | 35.5 | 6.49 (5.52–7.63) |
| Neuropsychological problems | ||||||||||||||||||
| No problems | 9.1 | 1.00 (ref) | 6.3 | 1.00 (ref) | 6.1 | 1.00 (ref) | 6.4 | 1.00 (ref) | 5.2 | 1.00 (ref) | 17.8 | 1.00 (ref) | 11.4 | 1.00 (ref) | 9.0 | 1.00 (ref) | 11.4 | 1.00 (ref) |
| Mild | 8.1 | 0.88 (0.84–0.93) | 6.4 | 1.03 (0.96–1.09) | 6.8 | 1.11 (1.04–1.18) | 7.1 | 1.12 (1.05–1.19) | 8.7 | 1.71 (1.60–1.83) | 28.0 | 1.79 (1.72–1.87) | 16.7 | 1.56 (1.46–1.67) | 8.1 | 0.90 (0.85–0.95) | 11.9 | 1.06 (1.01–1.11) |
| Severe | 12.5 | 1.42 (1.34–1.51) | 9.2 | 1.51 (1.41–1.61) | 10.0 | 1.70 (1.59–1.82) | 9.8 | 1.59 (1.49–1.70) | 14.5 | 3.06 (2.86–3.28) | 38.6 | 2.90 (2.76–3.04) | 22.9 | 2.31 (2.14–2.50) | 11.3 | 1.30 (1.22–1.38) | 16.9 | 1.58 (1.50–1.67) |
| Mobility | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fully mobile | 4.6 | 1.00 (ref) | 4.6 | 1.00 (ref) | 4.7 | 1.00 (ref) | 4.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 6.5 | 1.00 (ref) | 21.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 13.7 | 1.00 (ref) | 5.9 | 1.00 (ref) | 5.7 | 1.00 (ref) |
| Slightly limited | 9.8 | 2.26 (2.13–2.40) | 7.7 | 1.74 (1.63–1.85) | 7.7 | 1.70 (1.60–1.80) | 8.0 | 1.69 (1.59–1.79) | 8.9 | 1.40 (1.32–1.48) | 29.0 | 1.46 (1.41–1.52) | 16.4 | 1.24 (1.16–1.31) | 9.9 | 1.75 (1.66–1.85) | 13.7 | 2.61 (2.47–2.76) |
| Very limited | 20.8 | 5.50 (5.18–5.83) | 11.8 | 2.79 (2.61–2.98) | 12.9 | 3.01 (2.82–3.20) | 12.9 | 2.89 (2.72–3.08) | 14.6 | 2.45 (2.30–2.60) | 38.9 | 2.27 (2.17–2.37) | 21.4 | 1.72 (1.60–1.85) | 15.3 | 2.88 (2.72–3.05) | 28.8 | 6.67 (6.32–7.05) |
| Immobile/Bedridden | 41.7 | 15.0 (12.9–17.5) | 17.4 | 4.40 (3.70–5.23) | 20.8 | 5.36 (4.55–6.30) | 21.7 | 5.40 (4.60–6.34) | 21.5 | 3.91 (3.30–4.63) | 45.8 | 3.02 (2.60–3.50) | 26.6 | 2.28 (1.71–3.04) | 25.8 | 5.52 (4.75–6.41) | 51.3 | 17.4 (15.1–20.1) |
Statistically significant values (p < .001) are reported in italics.
a
Grade 0 (“not applicable to judge”) excluded.
b
Grade 0 (edentulous individuals) excluded.
c
Grade 0 (individuals without dentures) excluded.