Table 2.

Associations of annual percent change in cortisol feature with annual percent change in glucose over 6 years stratified by diabetes status (Normal: N = 337, Impaired fasting glucose: N = 101 and Diabetes: N = 74).

Predictor		Outcome: Avg. annual Δglucose
		Model 0 coefficient (95 %CI)	Model 1 coefficient (95 %CI)
Avg. annual ΔWake-up cortisol	Normal	0.001 (−0.006, 0.009)	0.001 (−0.006, 0.009)
	IFG	−0.046 (−0.189, 0.098)	−0.03 (−0.174, 0.114)
	Diabetes	0.046 (0.008, 0.083)	0.044 (0.007, 0.082)
	P-value for interaction	0.0593	0.0790
Avg. annual ΔCAR	Normal	0.0005 (−0.001, 0.002)	0.0005 (−0.001, 0.002)
	IFG	0.00004 (−0.0002, 0.0003)	0.00005 (−0.0002, 0.0003)
	Diabetes	−0.002 (−0.008, 0.004)	−0.002 (−0.008, 0.004)
	P-value for interaction	0.6576	0.6690
Avg. annual ΔTotal AUC	Normal	−0.002 (−0.037, 0.032)	0.001 (−0.034, 0.036)
	IFG	−0.018 (−0.118, 0.082)	−0.008 (−0.108, 0.092)
	Diabetes	0.197 (0.095, 0.299)	0.2 (0.098, 0.302)
	P-value for interaction	0.0012	0.0013
Avg. annual ΔOverall decline slope	Normal	0.0004 (−0.009, 0.01)	−0.0002 (−0.01, 0.01)
	IFG	−0.013 (−0.081, 0.056)	−0.014 (−0.083, 0.054)
	Diabetes	0.015 (0.005, 0.024)	0.015 (0.005, 0.024)
	P-value for interaction	0.1039	0.0855
Avg. annual ΔBedtime cortisol	Normal	0.0003 (−0.004, 0.005)	−0.00002 (−0.004, 0.004)
	IFG	−0.0006 (−0.009, 0.008)	−0.00009 (−0.008, 0.008)
	Diabetes	−0.0002 (−0.0008, 0.0004)	−0.0002 (−0.0008, 0.0004)
	P-value for interaction	0.9750	0.9968

Model 0: adjust for age, sex, race/ethnicity.

Model 1: adjust for age, sex, race/ethnicity, physical activity, smoking, CES-D, BMI.

β-coefficient interpretation: One-unit change of Avg. annual ΔWake-up cortisol will result in β unit change in Avg. annual Δglucose.

Note: Bold values signifies p < 0.05.