Skip to main content
. 2021 Apr 14;11:8113. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86978-6

Table 2.

Sorption isotherm models and best-fit parameters for Sb(V) sorption data.

Biochar qexp (mg/g) Langmuir model parameters Freundlich model parameters Temkin model parameters Dubinin–Radushkevich model parameters pH
qcal (mg/g) qm (mg/g) KL (L mg−1) RL R2 qcal (mg/g) KF (g mg−1 h−1) 1/n R2 b (J/mol) A (L/g) R2 qm (mg/g) E (kJ mol−1) β R2
BSBC 12.71 12.07 17.54 0.041 0.18–0.69 0.95 12.90 1.27 0.584 0.99 731.6 0.56 0.93 80.23 9.80 5.2 × 10−3 0.99 2
ZrBSBC6.5 35.31 34.10 46.95 0.039 0.11–0.71 0.98 39.92 2.719 0.636 0.99 261 0.46 0.96 253.26 9.36 5.7 × 10−3 0.99 2
ZrBSBC12.5 51.68 49.45 66.67 0.123 0.03–0.44 0.97 57.83 8.039 0.627 0.98 177.45 1.23 0.98 508.96 9.90 5.1 × 10−3 0.99 2
Zr–FeBSBC (1:20) 47.12 41.60  − 31.8  − 0.033 1.52–0.16 0.54 33.89 0.910 1.271 0.92 153.94 0.39 0.63 4395 6.93 1.0 × 10−2 0.90 2
48.81 47.07  − 60.61  − 0.037 4.0–0.14 0.67 42.58 1.986 1.248 0.97 116.26 0.49 0.81 3202 7.58 8.7 × 10−3 0.96 3
48.04 48.84 98.04 0.055 0.077–0.63 0.96 56.56 5.41 0.8128 0.98 162.64 1.01 0.96 1120 9.77 6.5 × 10−3 0.99 4
Zr–FeCl3BSBC (1:5) 38.80 36.40 70.42 0.011 0.89–0.29 0.96 31.43 1.633 0.796 0.99 251.55 0.42 0.89 456 8.45 7.0 × 10−3 0.99 2
44.16 37.64 125 0.014 0.87–0.25 0.49 39.20 1.929 0.883 0.99 173.58 0.37 0.86 644 8.45 7.0 × 10−3 0.98 3
44.49 44.47 85.47 0.029 0.13–0.76 0.97 50.08 3.12 0.772 0.99 185.73 0.54 0.93 727 9.57 6.8 × 10−3 0.99 4
47.36 35.44 112.36 0.017 0.85–0.21 0.20 35.81 2.139 0.857 0.94 229.9 0.51 0.82 274 9.62 5.4 × 10−3 0.93 5
FeBSBC 39.80 32.91 120.48 0.006 0.93–0.41 0.35 32.16 1.13 0.833 0.99 260.03 0.32 0.76 325 8.45 7.0 × 10−3 0.98 2
28.98 26.51 39.68 0.02 0.18–0.83 0.95 30.29 1.36 0.6739 0.99 365.14 0.35 0.91 181 8.98 6.2 × 10−3 0.99 3
41.26 36.53 49.26 0.071 0.006–0.57 0.91 43.39 4.684 0.603 0.88 238.79 0.86 0.93 444 9.21 5.9 × 10−3 0.93 4
FeCl3BSBC 41.76 34.67 270.27 0.003 0.96–0.57 0.21 35.16 1.0139 0.9447 0.99 216.26 0.31 0.80 799 7.71 8.4 × 10−3 0.99 2
24.60 22.66 31.54 0.022 0.17–0.81 0.95 26.08 1.313 0.6279 0.98 432.41 0.34 0.92 135 9.20 5.9 × 10−3 0.99 3