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. 2021 Apr 14;12:2244. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22471-y

Fig. 2. The conjugated linolenic fatty acid α-eleostearic acid is incorporated into cellular lipids and induces ferroptosis.

Fig. 2

a Structure of α-eleostearic acid (αESA). b Cell viability dose-response curves for αESA and the specified additional compound in MDA-MB-231 cells. Cells were treated for 72 h. Error bars in this and subsequent panels represent standard deviation centered on the mean. c Relative viability of MDA-MB-231 cells incubated with the indicated doses of αESA and DFO for 72 h (n = 3 independent experiments). Values were normalized to account for loss of viability associated with DFO. d Quantitation of lipid peroxidation products in individual cells after 4 h of treatment with the specified agent. The line indicates the mean. From left to right, n = 42, 29, 36, and 15. p values from two-sided Student’s t tests are shown. e Cell viability dose-response curves for αESA for three TNBC cell lines (red lines) and non-cancerous MCF-10A controls (black dashed line) after 72 h of treatment. f Relative cell viability for three TNBC cell lines after 72 h of treatment with αESA or the combination of αESA and fer-1 (2 μM) (n = 2 independent experiments). The dose αESA was 100 μM for HCC1806 and HCC1143 and 20 μM for HCC1187. g Percent of the mole fraction for each of the indicated classes of lipid that contain 18:3 (18 carbon, 3 double bonds) fatty acids consistent with αESA (n = 3 biological replicates for each condition). h Mole percent of each lipid class as a fraction of total lipids in MDA-MB-231 cells incubated with vehicle, 2 μM fer-1, 50 μM αESA, 50 μM αESA and 2 μM fer-1, or 250 nM ML162 for 3 h (n = 3 biological replicates for each condition). CE = cholesterol esters, Cer = ceramide, DAG = diacylglycerol, Hexcer = hexosylceramide, LPC = lysophosphatidylcholine, LPC O- = ether-linked lysophosphatidylcholine, LPE = lysophosphatidylethanolamine, LPE O- = ether-linked lysophosphatidylethanolamine, LPG = lysophosphatidylglycerol, LPI = lysophosphatidylinositol, LPS = lysophosphatidylserine, PA = phosphatidate, PC = phosphatidylcholine, PC O- = ether-linked phosphatidylcholine, PE = phosphatidylethanolamine, PE O- = ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamine, PG = phosphatidylglycerol, PI = phosphatidylinositol, PS = phosphatidylserine, SM = sphingomyelin, TAG = triacylglycerol. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.