Table 2.

Barriers related to the compliance with VAP prevention guidelines.

Barriers	Disagree n (%)	Neither agree, nor disagree n (%)	Agree n (%)
1.Shortage of nursing staff	59 (25.8)	9 (3.9)	161 (70.3)
2.Unavailability of resources (for example, sterile gloves, closed suction systems, kinetic beds, etc.)	153 (66.8)	3 (1.3)	73 (31.9)
3.Hospitals' cost control policies	82 (35.8)	13 (5.7)	134 (58.5)
4.Unavailability of written protocols for VAP Prevention	160 (69.9)	10 (4.4)	59 (25.8)
5.No continuous education on VAP	126 (55.0)	4 (1.7)	99 (43.2)
6.Lack of education in the university about the VAP prevention	148 (64.6)	3 (1.3)	78 (34.1)
7.Lack of professional role model and guidance	149 (65.1)	11 (4.8)	69 (30.1)
8.Practice in ICUs not based on research findings	143 (62.4)	3 (1.3)	83 (36.2)
9.Some research findings contradict nurses' previous education	165 (72.1)	7 (3.1)	57 (24.9)
10.Fear of unpredictable adverse effect and undesirable patient outcomes	127 (55.5)	8 (3.5)	94 (41)
11.Nurses' forgetfulness to perform some evidence-based procedures	72 (31.4)	6 (2.6)	151 (65.9)
12.Nurses do not have enough time to perform evidence-based procedures	149 (65.06)	3 (1.3)	77 (33.6)
13.Nurses lack required skills	189 (78.6)	8 (3.5)	41 (17.9)
14.Lack of patient cooperation	158 (69.0)	13 (5.7)	58 (25.3)
15.Some VAP prevention procedures are not nurses' responsibility	153 (66.8)	7 (3.1)	69 (30.1)

Abbreviations: ICU = intensive care units; VAP = ventilator-associated pneumonia.