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. 2021 Apr 14;11:8100. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87562-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(A) Sample recording of respiratory rhythm (black, inspiration up) derived from diaphragmal EMG (gray) along with LFPs in OB, PFC, and HC and neck muscle EMG in QW state. (B) Group averages of dia autospectra in different states. Note narrow RRO peaks in all recordings at ~ 2 Hz. Power is shown in arbitrary units after normalization of autospectra in individual recordings setting maxima equal to 1. (C) Group averages of dia-OB coherence spectra in different states. Note coherence peaks constrained to RRO frequencies (i.e. dia spectral peaks) in sleep and in a wider range, up to 6 Hz in wake states. In AW, dia-OB coherence does not have a clear RRO peak on the group average due to interindividual variability of the respiratory rates (see in Fig. S2).