Table 2.
Accuracy of the estimated HRV parameters aggregated over all analyzed 5-min windows of all subjects.
| Parameter | MAE | MAE (%) | RMSE | RMSE (%) | P05 | P95 | Bias | Bias (%) | SD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EE | [kcal/min] | 0.0213 | 1.49 | 0.1540 | 7.33 | − 0.0501 | 0.0293 | 0.0018 | 0.13 | 0.1540 |
| TRIMP | [kTRIMP/min] | 0.1852 | 6.55 | 1.3042 | 10.23 | 0.0000 | 0.2963 | 0.0986 | 3.49 | 1.3006 |
| SI | [–] | 2.2950 | 10.75 | 3.7738 | 16.29 | − 7.9781 | 2.2682 | − 1.4460 | − 6.77 | 3.4860 |
| Mean NN | [ms] | 1.8748 | 0.20 | 4.0133 | 0.42 | − 1.7276 | 7.0315 | 1.1709 | 0.12 | 3.8390 |
| SDNN | [ms] | 1.7143 | 8.94 | 2.8611 | 12.66 | − 3.0127 | 3.7421 | 0.3891 | 2.03 | 2.8347 |
| Mean HR | [BPM] | 0.1259 | 0.20 | 0.2646 | 0.41 | − 0.4574 | 0.1544 | − 0.0645 | − 0.10 | 0.2566 |
| SDHR | [BPM] | 0.1292 | 10.18 | 0.2756 | 18.93 | − 0.2222 | 0.2816 | 0.0251 | 1.98 | 0.2745 |
| Min. HR | [BPM] | 0.1884 | 0.31 | 0.5274 | 0.85 | − 0.1429 | 0.6322 | 0.0931 | 0.15 | 0.5192 |
| Max. HR | [BPM] | 0.8199 | 1.18 | 2.6971 | 3.83 | − 3.3757 | 0.2343 | − 0.7047 | − 1.02 | 2.6036 |
| RMSSD | [ms] | 3.5506 | 17.15 | 4.5453 | 18.34 | − 3.4138 | 8.3910 | 2.4160 | 11.67 | 3.8504 |
| NN50 | [beats] | 4.5662 | 28.60 | 8.2695 | 23.95 | − 10.0000 | 14.0000 | 1.5054 | 9.43 | 8.1319 |
| pNN50 | [%] | 1.5457 | 28.00 | 2.7441 | 22.59 | − 2.6778 | 5.1406 | 0.7025 | 12.73 | 2.6529 |
| Tri. Indx | [–] | 0.6585 | 12.19 | 0.8661 | 14.31 | − 1.4889 | 1.2480 | 0.0289 | 0.54 | 0.8657 |
| TINN | [ms] | 11.7354 | 12.14 | 22.0286 | 19.15 | − 23.0000 | 24.0000 | 1.7424 | 1.80 | 21.9612 |
| PC | [ms] | 2.5147 | 17.15 | 3.2191 | 18.33 | − 2.4170 | 5.9416 | 1.7116 | 11.67 | 2.7266 |
| PC | [ms] | 1.5550 | 6.94 | 3.4167 | 12.79 | − 4.1039 | 2.3250 | − 0.4611 | − 2.06 | 3.3857 |
| PC / | [–] | 0.3073 | 18.78 | 0.4471 | 25.68 | − 0.9732 | 0.0776 | − 0.2867 | − 17.52 | 0.3430 |
| ApEn | [–] | 0.0496 | 4.47 | 0.0735 | 6.59 | − 0.1008 | 0.0899 | − 0.0060 | − 0.54 | 0.0733 |
| SampEn | [–] | 0.1552 | 8.25 | 0.2013 | 10.63 | − 0.2462 | 0.3681 | 0.0634 | 3.37 | 0.1910 |
| DFA | [–] | 0.1502 | 16.99 | 0.2044 | 21.83 | − 0.4356 | 0.1098 | − 0.1164 | − 13.16 | 0.1680 |
| DFA | [–] | 0.0594 | 13.29 | 0.0860 | 17.86 | − 0.1801 | 0.0303 | − 0.0497 | − 11.12 | 0.0702 |
| VLF PF | [mHz] | 1.5315 | 4.47 | 3.7685 | 10.87 | − 6.6667 | 6.6667 | 0.0508 | 0.15 | 3.7684 |
| LF PF | [mHz] | 9.1981 | 15.40 | 20.6890 | 32.38 | − 23.3333 | 40.0000 | 2.5509 | 4.27 | 20.5326 |
| HF PF | [mHz] | 16.7561 | 6.44 | 39.6176 | 14.86 | − 36.6667 | 63.3333 | 3.3309 | 1.28 | 39.4802 |
| VLF Abs. | [] | 13.2536 | 19.35 | 36.9939 | 25.97 | − 51.4332 | 5.0578 | − 10.4884 | − 15.31 | 35.4786 |
| LF Abs. | [] | 33.9061 | 15.82 | 208.0664 | 42.14 | − 103.4176 | 31.8021 | − 20.5115 | − 9.57 | 207.0681 |
| HF Abs. | [] | 35.8349 | 18.55 | 63.0736 | 18.18 | − 83.6440 | 68.3491 | 4.8635 | 2.52 | 62.8905 |
| VLF Log. | [log] | 0.2509 | 7.80 | 0.4562 | 12.85 | − 0.6521 | 0.2926 | − 0.1318 | − 4.16 | 0.4368 |
| LF Log. | [log] | 0.2038 | 4.63 | 0.4208 | 9.07 | − 0.4128 | 0.4864 | 0.0082 | 0.19 | 0.4208 |
| HF Log. | [log] | 0.3819 | 8.56 | 0.6216 | 13.35 | − 0.3093 | 1.1854 | 0.2692 | 6.04 | 0.5603 |
| VLF Rel. | [%] | 3.4880 | 23.93 | 5.4798 | 29.68 | − 12.0000 | 1.9409 | − 2.8145 | − 19.31 | 4.7021 |
| LF Rel. | [%] | 6.0661 | 14.95 | 8.8321 | 20.03 | − 18.4170 | 7.4994 | − 3.2157 | − 7.92 | 8.2265 |
| HF Rel. | [%] | 8.2323 | 18.36 | 11.8936 | 23.76 | − 6.6075 | 25.5536 | 6.0302 | 13.45 | 10.2524 |
| LF Norm. | [n.u.] | 8.1777 | 16.70 | 11.8355 | 22.05 | − 25.3497 | 7.2359 | − 5.6440 | − 11.52 | 10.4039 |
| HF Norm. | [n.u.] | 8.1777 | 16.03 | 11.8355 | 21.31 | − 7.2359 | 25.3497 | 5.6440 | 11.06 | 10.4039 |
| LF/HF | [n.u.] | 0.5818 | 35.95 | 1.1213 | 44.10 | − 2.5853 | 0.2765 | − 0.4846 | − 29.95 | 1.0112 |
| PNS Indx | [–] | 0.1518 | 19.70 | 0.1935 | 20.00 | − 0.1014 | 0.3836 | 0.1209 | − 34.93 | 0.1512 |
| SNS Indx | [–] | 0.3924 | 20.50 | 0.6327 | 25.28 | − 1.3293 | 0.3248 | − 0.2798 | − 16.47 | 0.5675 |
| Mean | [%] | 12.92 | 17.60 | − 2.72 | ||||||
| Median | [%] | 12.74 | 18.26 | 0.14 |