FIGURE 7.

Antibacterial properties of modified Ti samples. (A) Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were cultured on modified Ti surfaces for 12 h and imaged by SEM. Bacteria with damaged membrane and deformed shape were observed on TNT/Ag, TNT/PDA/Ag, and TNT/PDA/Ag/bFGF (black arrows). Scale bar represents 2 μm. (B) Inhibition zone of Ti samples. The bacterial suspension was inoculated, and modified Ti samples were placed on agar plates for 24-h incubation. Bacterial free zone was measured and compared. Both TNT/PDA/Ag and TNT/PDA/Ag/bFGF showed significantly larger inhibition zones. Scale bar represents 2 cm. (C) Quantitative analysis of antibacterial ability against E. coli and S. aureus of Ti samples after being pre-released in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 1, 3, and 7 days. These pre-released Ti samples were placed with bacteria for 24 h. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation; **p < 0.01.