Table III.
Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients included in study 2
| No (N = 1150) | Yes (N = 1120) | Pvalue | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | .002 | ||
| Median | 75.000 | 73.000 | |
| Q1, Q3 | 67.000, 83.000 | 65.000, 81.000 | |
| Age (groups) | .059 | ||
| 18-49 | 38 (3.3%) | 54 (4.8%) | |
| 50-64 | 214 (18.6%) | 221 (19.7%) | |
| 65-74 | 321 (27.9%) | 338 (30.2%) | |
| 75+ | 577 (50.2%) | 507 (45.3%) | |
| Gender (Male) | 718 (62.4%) | 684 (61.1%) | .504 |
| Ethnicity | .434 | ||
| Caucasian | 1083 (94.2%) | 1064 (95.0%) | |
| Latino | 55 (4.8%) | 42 (3.8%) | |
| Other | 12 (1.0%) | 14 (1.2%) | |
| Hypertension | 1102 (96.2%) | 1072 (96.0%) | .817 |
| Dyslipidemia | 619 (54.2%) | 604 (54.5%) | .901 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 373 (33.1%) | 342 (31.3%) | .363 |
| Obesity | 297 (30.7%) | 284 (32.6%) | .367 |
| Renal insufficiency | 134 (11.9%) | 112 (10.4%) | .254 |
| Smoking (anytime) | 300 (28.2%) | 304 (31.3%) | .128 |
| Heart disease | .032 | ||
| None | 723 (64.2%) | 678 (62.1%) | |
| Coronary | 117 (10.4%) | 157 (14.4%) | |
| Arrhythmias | 129 (11.4%) | 98 (9.0%) | |
| Valves | 40 (3.5%) | 35 (3.2%) | |
| HF-myopathy | 44 (3.9%) | 39 (3.6%) | |
| Combined | 74 (6.6%) | 84 (7.7%) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease (any) | 148 (13.0%) | 128 (11.8%) | .384 |
| Lung disease | .480 | ||
| None | 526 (66.3%) | 534 (64.9%) | |
| Asthma | 55 (6.9%) | 61 (7.4%) | |
| COPD | 111 (14.0%) | 126 (15.3%) | |
| Interstitial | 11 (1.4%) | 4 (0.5%) | |
| Restrictive | 13 (1.6%) | 16 (1.9%) | |
| Other | 77 (9.7%) | 82 (10.0%) | |
| Cancer (any) | 220 (19.5%) | 173 (15.8%) | .023 |
| Immunosuppression condition (any) | 97 (8.8%) | 83 (8.0%) | .503 |
| Dependency level | .185 | ||
| None | 914 (79.9%) | 919 (82.8%) | |
| Partially dependent | 163 (14.2%) | 131 (11.8%) | |
| Totally dependent | 67 (5.9%) | 60 (5.4%) | |
| O2 therapy (at home) | 43 (3.8%) | 41 (3.7%) | .935 |
| Aspirin | 287 (25.3%) | 309 (28.0%) | .141 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 208 (18.2%) | 154 (14.0%) | .006 |
| Beta blockers | 292 (25.5%) | 282 (25.7%) | .942 |
| Inhaled beta-agonists | 144 (12.6%) | 138 (12.7%) | .965 |
| Inhaled glucocorticoids | 137 (12.0%) | 135 (12.3%) | .817 |
| D vitamin supplements | 204 (17.9%) | 141 (12.9%) | .001 |
| Tachypnea | 415 (37.0%) | 290 (26.9%) | <.001 |
| Hyposmia | 35 (3.2%) | 49 (4.8%) | .059 |
| Dysgeusia | 48 (4.4%) | 62 (6.1%) | .074 |
| Sore throat | 68 (6.2%) | 110 (10.6%) | <.001 |
| High temperature | 875 (76.8%) | 823 (74.4%) | .184 |
| Persistent cough | 719 (63.3%) | 733 (66.5%) | .110 |
| Diarrhea | 209 (18.6%) | 214 (19.9%) | .453 |
| Myalgia and/or arthralgia | 292 (26.1%) | 331 (31.1%) | .009 |
| O2 saturation less than 92% | 549 (48.6%) | 400 (37.0%) | <.001 |
| Abnormal blood pressure | 125 (11.5%) | 73 (7.1%) | <.001 |
| Elevated D-dimer | 780 (76.2%) | 695 (71.3%) | .012 |
| Elevated PCR | 1054 (93.0%) | 1005 (91.7%) | .237 |
| Elevated transaminases | 449 (41.8%) | 391 (37.8%) | .059 |
| Chest X-ray abnormality | .084 | ||
| None | 122 (11.2%) | 129 (12.4%) | |
| Bilateral | 788 (72.0%) | 706 (67.7%) | |
| Unilateral | 184 (16.8%) | 208 (19.9%) | |
| Use of corticoids | 461 (40.6%) | 345 (31.7%) | <.001 |
| Use of chloroquine or similar | 973 (84.8%) | 985 (88.6%) | .008 |
| Use of antiviral drug | 571 (50.2%) | 635 (57.2%) | <.001 |
| Use of interferon or similar | 147 (13.1%) | 121 (11.1%) | .149 |
| Use of tocilizumab or similar | 119 (10.5%) | 100 (9.1%) | .253 |
| Use of antibiotics | 920 (84.4%) | 829 (79.5%) | .003 |
| Mechanical ventilation and/or prone position | 341 (30.2%) | 234 (21.4%) | <.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 268 (23.7%) | 194 (17.6%) | <.001 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 132 (11.6%) | 49 (4.4%) | <.001 |
| Admitted to ICU | 148 (12.9%) | 63 (5.6%) | <.001 |
| In-hospital mortality | 419 (37.2%) | 177 (16.0%) | <.001 |
| Heart failure during admission | 129 (11.3%) | 99 (9.0%) | .063 |
| Respiratory insufficiency during admission | 812 (70.8%) | 587 (52.7%) | <.001 |
| Renal failure during admission | 379 (33.0%) | 228 (20.6%) | <.001 |
| Pneumonia during admission | 1053 (92.7%) | 988 (89.7%) | .011 |
| Sepsis during admission | 214 (18.8%) | 86 (7.8%) | <.001 |
| SIRS during admission | 356 (31.5%) | 223 (20.6%) | <.001 |