Table 2. Comparison of baseline GGN data between derivation set and verification set.
| Index | Total (n=197) | Derivation set (n=97) | Verification set (n=100) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60.1±9.0 | 60.8±8.2 | 59.4±9.8 | 0.309 |
| Sex | 0.543 | |||
| Female | 132 (67.0) | 67 (69.1) | 65 (65.0) | |
| Male | 65 (33.0) | 30 (30.9) | 35 (35.0) | |
| Smoking history | 38 (19.3) | 18 (18.6) | 20 (20.0) | 0.797 |
| Multifocality | 84 (42.6) | 44 (45.4) | 40 (40.0) | 0.447 |
| Nodule type | 0.649 | |||
| pGGN | 68 (34.5) | 35 (36.1) | 33 (33.0) | |
| mGGN | 129 (65.5) | 62 (63.9) | 67 (67.0) | |
| Location | 0.768 | |||
| Peripheral | 188 (95.4) | 93 (95.9) | 95 (95.0) | |
| Center | 9 (4.6) | 4 (4.1) | 5 (5.0) | |
| Shape | 0.540 | |||
| Round/oval | 116 (58.9) | 55 (56.7) | 61 (61.0) | |
| Irregular | 81 (41.1) | 42 (43.3) | 39 (39.0) | |
| Margin | 0.925 | |||
| Smooth | 109 (55.3) | 54 (55.7) | 55 (55.0) | |
| Lobulated | 88 (44.7) | 43 (44.3) | 45 (45.0) | |
| Bronchial sign | 144 (73.1) | 66 (68.0) | 78 (78.0) | 0.115 |
| Vacuole sign | 32 (16.2) | 17 (17.5) | 15 (15.0) | 0.631 |
| Pleural indentation | 113 (57.4) | 55 (56.7) | 58 (58.0) | 0.854 |
| Vessel convergence sign | 184 (93.4) | 91 (93.8) | 93 (93.0) | 0.818 |
| DGGN (mm) | 19.1 (13.4–25.0) | 18.0 (12.9–24.8) | 20.8 (14.1–25.3) | 0.131 |
| Dsolid (mm) | 5.8 (0.0–12.0) | 5.7 (0.0–12.0) | 5.9 (0.0–12.0) | 0.915 |
| CTR | 0.3 (0.0–0.6) | 0.4 (0.0–0.6) | 0.3 (0.0–0.6) | 0.648 |
| CTGGO (HU) | −451.0 (−562.0 to −368.0) | −444.0 (–572.0 to −368.0) | −457.0 (−558.8 to −376.8) | 0.977 |
| ΔCTGGO-LP (HU) | 413.0 (305.0–490.0) | 420.0 (305.0–499.0) | 408.5 (309.0–479.8) | 0.777 |
| SUVmax | 2.2 (1.2–3.3) | 2.2 (1.1–3.4) | 2.2 (1.2–3.2) | 0.916 |
| SUVindex | 0.9 (0.5–1.4) | 0.8 (0.4–1.4) | 0.9 (0.5–1.3) | 0.686 |
| Pathology | 0.982 | |||
| Benign* | 27 (13.7) | 13 (13.4) | 14 (14.0) | |
| Preinvasive-MIA | 27 (13.7) | 13 (13.4) | 14 (14.0) | |
| IAC | 143 (72.6) | 71 (73.2) | 72 (72.0) |
Data were presented as mean ± SD/P50 (P25–P75)/N (%). GGN, ground-glass nodule; pGGN, pure GGN; mGGN, mixed GGN; DGGN, diameter of the GGN; Dsolid, diameter of the solid component; CTR, the ratio of Dsolid to DGGN; CTGGO, attenuation value of the GGO component on CT; ΔCTGGO-LP, the difference between CTGGO and CTLP; SUVmax, maximum standardized uptake value; SUVindex, ratio of the nodule SUVmax to liver SUVmean; MIA, microinvasive adenocarcinoma; IAC, invasive adenocarcinomas; GGO, ground-glass opacity; LP, lung parenchyma. *, benign GGNs were defined as either pathologic examination of tissue obtained via surgery or GGNs resolving during follow-up.