Table 4. Odds ratios for CBCT and MRI findings according to temporomandibular joint symptoms.
| TMJ pain | TMJ sound | Limitation of mouth opening | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |||
| CBCT finding | |||||||||||
| Osseous change | |||||||||||
| Normal | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Sclerosis | 3.81 | 1.76–8.24 | 0.001* | 1.44 | 0.75–2.76 | 0.280 | 1.90 | 0.94–3.83 | 0.074 | ||
| Flattening | 0.99 | 0.53–1.87 | 0.984 | 0.94 | 0.50–1.77 | 0.852 | 1.28 | 0.62–2.65 | 0.499 | ||
| Erosion | 1.98 | 0.97–4.08 | 0.062 | 1.36 | 0.70–2.63 | 0.363 | 1.49 | 0.75–2.95 | 0.250 | ||
| Osteophyte | 1.66 | 0.40–6.93 | 0.489 | 1.14 | 0.31–4.19 | 0.844 | 1.61 | 0.41–6.34 | 0.494 | ||
| Combined | 1.62 | 0.88–2.97 | 0.122 | 1.17 | 0.67–2.04 | 0.576 | 1.77 | 1.00–3.15 | 0.051 | ||
| MRI finding | |||||||||||
| Disc configuration | |||||||||||
| Biconcave | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Flattened | 0.73 | 0.43–1.23 | 0.236 | 0.64 | 0.38–1.08 | 0.097 | 2.08 | 1.08–4.03 | 0.029* | ||
| Folded | 0.53 | 0.27–1.04 | 0.064 | 0.73 | 0.38–1.40 | 0.349 | 2.30 | 1.08–4.90 | 0.032* | ||
| Convex | 0.43 | 0.19–0.97 | 0.040* | 0.36 | 0.17–0.76 | 0.008* | 1.33 | 0.55–3.20 | 0.525 | ||
| Internal derangement | |||||||||||
| Normal | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| DDWR | 1.23 | 0.75–2.03 | 0.413 | 3.04 | 1.84–5.02 | <0.001* | 0.73 | 0.37–1.45 | 0.375 | ||
| DDWOR | 3.22 | 1.61–6.44 | 0.001* | 2.50 | 1.31–4.77 | 0.005* | 1.44 | 0.67–3.09 | 0.349 | ||
| Joint effusion | |||||||||||
| Grade 0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| Grade 1 | 1.07 | 0.69–1.66 | 0.755 | 1.20 | 0.78–1.84 | 0.406 | 0.79 | 0.45–1.39 | 0.417 | ||
| Grade 2 | 2.33 | 1.45–3.75 | 0.001* | 2.37 | 1.50–3.76 | <0.001* | 1.35 | 0.81–2.24 | 0.252 | ||
| Grade 3 | 5.54 | 2.61–11.76 | <0.001* | 3.23 | 1.74–6.02 | <0.001* | 2.85 | 1.58–5.14 | 0.001* | ||
CI, confidence interval; DDWR, disc displacement with reduction; DDWOR, disc displacement without reduction; OR, odds ratio analyzed by logistic regression analysis; *P<0.05. Adjusted for osseous change, disc configuration, internal derangement and joint effusion. Pain (Hosmer and Lemeshow test; P=0.797); sound (Hosmer and Lemeshow test; P=0.888); limitation (Hosmer and Lemeshow test; P=0.562).