Table 2. Lesion anatomical characteristics and PCAT attenuation indicators.
| Characteristics | Case group (n=44) | Control group (n=60) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-risk plaques (n=48) | Non-high-risk plaques (n=73) | P value* | Non-high-risk plaques (n=99) | P value† | ||
| Location, n (%) | 0.785 | 0.436 | ||||
| Left anterior descending branch | 27 (56.25) | 39 (53.42) | 66 (66.67) | |||
| Left circumflex branch | 4 (8.33) | 9 (12.33) | 5 (5.05) | |||
| Right coronary artery | 17 (35.42) | 25 (34.25) | 28 (28.28) | |||
| Lesion anatomical characteristics | ||||||
| Length, mm | 8.39±3.95 | 9.31±4.49 | 0.253 | 9.50±5.74 | 0.227 | |
| Maximum cross-sectional area, mm2 | 5.25±3.38 | 5.16±2.66 | 0.867 | 4.46±2.40 | 0.152 | |
| Plaque burden, % | 36.67±15.28 | 35.81±13.49 | 0.747 | 35.42±12.97 | 0.609 | |
| Remodeling index | 1.26±0.15 | 1.17±0.16 | 0.005 | 1.11±0.14 | <0.001 | |
| Plaque volume, mm3 | 27.70 (9.78, 44.32) | 26.60 (15.20, 40.30) | 0.695 | 22.50 (13.50, 42.30) | 0.835 | |
| Plaque CT attenuation, HU | 87.25 (62.15, 125.13) | 104.80 (76.25, 168.90) | 0.033 | 146.90 (89.90, 193.00) | <0.001 | |
| Low-attenuation percentage, % | 29.50 (15.50, 44.50) | 15.00 (6.00, 28.50) | 0.0001 | 7.00 (2.00, 16.00) | <0.001 | |
| Intermediate-attenuation percentage, % | 62.50 (49.00, 70.75) | 69.00 (61.00, 85.00) | 0.005 | 73.00 (58.00, 90.00) | <0.001 | |
| High-attenuation percentage, % | 0.50 (0, 11.75) | 5.00 (0, 14.50) | 0.130 | 9.00 (1.00, 31.00) | 0.001 | |
| Diameter stenosis, % | 23.00 (14.50, 32.50) | 23.00 (12.00, 46.50) | 0.989 | 21.00 (12.00, 35.00) | 0.543 | |
| PCAT CT attenuation characteristics | ||||||
| CTpoly, HU | −79.21±12.18 | −88.34±12.06 | 0.0000 | −86.11±20.33 | 0.032 | |
| CT40 keV, HU | −119.87±22.74 | −153.76±24.97 | 0.0000 | −158.31±24.41 | <0.001 | |
| λHU | −1.29±0.56 | −1.91±0.58 | 0.0000 | −2.00±0.58 | <0.001 | |
| Zeff | 6.71±0.54 | 6.31±0.34 | 0.001 | 6.25±0.33 | <0.001 | |
*, P value reflects the difference between high-risk plaques and non-high-risk plaques within the case group; †, P value reflects the difference between high-risk plaques in the case group and non-high-risk plaques in the control group. CTpoly, PCAT attenuation assessed by polychromatic imaging; CT40 keV, PCAT attenuation assessed by virtual mono-energetic imaging (40 keV); PCAT, pericoronary adipose tissue; Zeff, effective atomic number; λHU, the slope of the spectral attenuation curve.