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. 2021 Apr 1;12:584097. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.584097

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Copyright © 2021 Xiao, Sun, Liu, Zeng, Shi, Li, Chen, Tu, Xu, Tan, Gong, Shu and Zheng

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The effect of HMGB1 receptors on the release of shh in astrocytes. (A) Three surface receptors for HMGB1 were analyzed by flow cytometry after HMGB1 stimulation (2μg/ml) in astrocytes. (B) The release of shh from astrocytes was detected after TLR2, TLR4 and RAGE were knocked out (2μg/ml and 1μg/ml recombinant HMGB1 was used in TLR2, TLR4 and RAGE knockout astrocytes respectively). (C) The effect of TLR4 blocker (TAK-242: 100nM) and RAGE blocker (FPS-ZM1: 148nM) on the release of shh in astrocytes (1μg/ml recombinant HMGB1 was used). Data are shown as mean ± SD (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). ns, no significance.