Table 3.
Cox regression analyses of suicide and accidental death among patients with malignant bone tumors.
| Variable | Suicides |
Accident deaths |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P-value | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Age at diagnosis | ||||||
| 0–14 | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| 15–29 | 1.79 | (0.92, 3.49) | 0.086 | 0.58 | (0.40, 0.86) | 0.006 |
| 30–44 | 1.90 | (0.91, 4.00) | 0.089 | 1.03 | (0.70, 1.51) | 0.873 |
| 45–59 | 2.50 | (1.21, 5.17) | 0.014 | 0.93 | (0.62, 1.39) | 0.718 |
| 60+ | 3.96 | (1.94, 8.10) | 0.000 | 1.61 | (1.09, 2.38) | 0.016 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| Male | 3.49 | (2.16, 5.64) | 0.000 | 1.99 | (1.53, 2.59) | 0.000 |
| Race | ||||||
| Black | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| White | 4.08 | (1.28, 12.94) | 0.017 | 1.42 | (0.86, 2.34) | 0.168 |
| Other | 0.00 | NA | 0.940 | 1.06 | (0.54, 2.09) | 0.865 |
| Year of diagnosis | ||||||
| 1973–1984 | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| 1985–1995 | 0.77 | (0.36, 1.66) | 0.503 | 1.23 | (0.71, 2.12) | 0.456 |
| 1996–2006 | 1.26 | (0.51, 3.10) | 0.617 | 2.21 | (1.20, 4.08) | 0.011 |
| 2007–2017 | 1.59 | (0.61, 4.14) | 0.346 | 1.91 | (0.98, 3.74) | 0.058 |
| Income | ||||||
| High | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| Median | 1.57 | (0.94, 2.64) | 0.087 | 0.99 | (0.73, 1.34) | 0.930 |
| Low | 2.60 | (1.42, 4.76) | 0.002 | 1.20 | (0.81, 1.77) | 0.376 |
| Unknown | 2.13 | (0.91, 4.97) | 0.081 | 1.17 | (0.65, 2.10) | 0.593 |
| Education | ||||||
| High | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| Median | 1.21 | (0.62, 2.37) | 0.580 | 0.56 | (0.36, 0.87) | 0.011 |
| Low | 1.56 | (0.76, 3.22) | 0.230 | 0.93 | (0.59, 1.45) | 0.736 |
| Unknown | 1.32 | (0.64, 2.75) | 0.452 | 0.79 | (0.51, 1.23) | 0.299 |
| Location† | ||||||
| Axial | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| Extremities | 1.63 | (1.01, 2.64) | 0.047 | 0.77 | (0.57, 1.03) | 0.082 |
| Others | 1.23 | (0.62, 2.44) | 0.551 | 1.40 | (1.00, 1.97) | 0.052 |
| Stage | ||||||
| Distant | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| Localized | 2.55 | (0.90, 7.22) | 0.077 | 1.53 | (0.92, 2.55) | 0.103 |
| Regional | 3.10 | (1.10, 8.73) | 0.032 | 1.33 | (0.79, 2.22) | 0.281 |
| Unknown | 1.84 | (0.56, 6.05) | 0.317 | 1.32 | (0.73, 2.39) | 0.365 |
| Surgery | ||||||
| Limb Salvage | – | – | Ref | – | – | Ref |
| Amputation | 2.27 | (1.28, 4.01) | 0.005 | 1.11 | (0.71, 1.75) | 0.638 |
| None | 1.34 | (0.66, 2.72) | 0.424 | 1.62 | (1.14, 2.31) | 0.007 |
| Surgery, NOS | 1.65 | (0.74, 3.66) | 0.221 | 1.34 | (0.82, 2.18) | 0.241 |
| Unknown | 4.20 | (1.71, 10.30) | 0.002 | 1.41 | (0.70, 2.86) | 0.335 |
†
Axial included “Thorax”, “Vertebral column” and “Pelvis”; Extremities included “Lower limb” and “Upper limb”; Others included “Others” and “Skull and Face”.