The evolution of macrophage and B cell subpopulations during PDAC malignant development. (a-b) The t-SNE plots showing macrophage subpopulations in subcluster analysis according to clustering distribution in the a, sample source in the b. (c) Heatmap of macrophage subclusters and marker genes. (d) Macrophage subsets proportion in PDAC with different clinical stages. (e) The t-SNE plots showing the expression level of specific macrophage subsets marker genes. (f) The DEGs between PDAC III and PDAC I in macrophage subcluster analysis shown by volcano plot, red and blue dots represented the genes upregulated and downregulated respectively (PDAC III vs PDAC I and II). (g-h) The t-SNE plots presenting B cell subpopulations in B cell subcluster analysis based on clustering distribution in the g, sample source in the h. (i) Heatmap of B cell subclusters and related marker genes. (j) Violin plot showing the expression level of common B cell marker (CD19), Breg markers (CD1D, CD5, TGFB1), plasmocyte/memory B cell marker (CD27) among B cell subclusters.