Table 3.
Response rates and selected characteristics of the RUCAS sample at baseline
| BDM | MB | |
|---|---|---|
| Sample size and retention rates | ||
| Baseline measurement date | April 2018 | January 2019 |
| Number of households at baseline | 238 | 718 |
| Response rate (% of households relative to participants or not reached in the previous wave) | ||
| At wave 2 | 87.4% | 91.9% |
| At wave 3 | 80.8% | 90.1% |
| Lost to follow-up (% of households relative to baseline) | ||
| At wave 2 | 12.6% | 8.1% |
| At wave 3 | 23.9% | 14.9% |
| Sociodemographics | ||
| Number of individuals | 682 | 2448 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 46.8% | 47.2% |
| Female | 53.2% | 52.8% |
| Age group | ||
| 0–15 | 26.0% | 25.7% |
| 16–25 | 14.7% | 18.3% |
| 26–45 | 28.2% | 23.1% |
| 46–65 | 24.4% | 28.5% |
| 66–99 | 6.8% | 4.4% |
| Education level according to years of study (≥ 18 years old) | ||
| Less than 4 years | 6.2% | 8.7% |
| Between 4 and 7 years | 9.9% | 16.6% |
| Between 8 and 12 years | 65.7% | 65.7% |
| More than 12 years | 18.3% | 9.0% |
| Labor force status (≥ 15 years old) | ||
| Employed | 69.0% | 58.9% |
| Unemployed | 4.3% | 7.3% |
| Inactive | 26.7% | 33.8% |
| Dwelling (IDO tool) | ||
| Intervened dwellings (% relative to measured dwellings in each wave) | ||
| At baseline | 8.4% | 0.0% |
| At wave 2 | 16.7% | 3.6% |
| At wave 3 | 18.8% | 8.1% |
| Overcrowding (≥ 2.5 persons per bedroom) | 11.5% | 18.3% |
| Presence of mold in bedrooms | 37.7% | 34.4% |
| Perceived habitability (RUCAS survey) | ||
| Not satisfied with housing (overall) | 34.5% | 60.1% |
| Dwelling is perceived as “always” or “almost always” cold during winters | 43.6% | 71.9% |
| Wellbeing and health | ||
| Poor reported general health (≥ 15 years old) a | 39.1% | 46.2% |
| Report of medically diagnosed hypertension (≥ 15 years old) | 22.2% | 16.2% |
| Report of medically diagnosed diabetes (≥ 15 years old) | 10.2% | 8.1% |
| Depressive symptoms GHQ-12 (key informants only) | 19.3% | 37.6% |
| Current smokers (≥ 15 years old) | 40.1% | 43.0% |
| Problematic alcohol consumption (≥ 15 years old) b | 5.8% | 12.4% |
| No weekly outdoor leisure time (≥ 15 years old) c | 45.6% | 42.2% |
| Excessive screen time on weekends (≤ 15 years old) d | 59.4% | 73.5% |
| Acute respiratory illness (preceding month) | ||
| At baseline (summer) | 13.2% | 12.2% |
| At wave 2 (winter) | 17.5% | 24.2% |
| Gastrointestinal symptoms (preceding month) | ||
| At baseline (summer) | 15.0% | 17.5% |
| At wave 2 (winter) | 13.9% | 16.9% |
aGeneral health was measured through a single question with seven response categories, ranging from “very bad” (1) to “very good” (7); responses lower than “good” (6) are classified as “poor”
bAUDIT-dimension 1 was used, with hazardous drinking defined as ≥8 points [54]
cOutdoor leisure time of at least 30 min
d > 0 h for children under 2 years old, daily screen time; > 1 h for children 2-5 years old, daily screen time; > 2 h for children older than five, daily screen time [53]