Figure 2.

Investigating the effect of threads on the physical properties of GDLs. SEM images of a pristine carbon cloth GDL (a) and that with the hydrophilic thread (b) (scale bar is 1 mm). (c) Thickness under compression and (d) resistance under compression for a pristine carbon cloth, with 1 and 4 mm distances with 1 mm pitch distance of the hydrophilic thread. (e) Effect of the hydrophobic thread on the water breakthrough pressure. (f) Contact angle of the sessile water droplet on the carbon cloth GDL and the thread. Error bars represent standard deviation (SD) (n = 3).