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Schematic diagram of possible functional mechanisms of insulin resistance induced by VATB1 and CFAD. DEPs are indicated with blue characters and red arrows. Decreased VATB1 may lead to insufficient and untimely acidification of the endosomal lumen, which consequently disturbs the insulin receptor recycling and delays its binding to insulin, leading to insulin resistance. Downregulated CFAD may be involved in the development of T2DM by decreasing insulin secretion.
