Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19.
| All patients (n=88) | Disease severity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Critical patients (n=31) | Severe patients (n=33) | P value* | Common patients (n=24) | |||
| Age -median (IQR) | 61.5 (55.0–68.8) | 66.5 (61.0–71.0) | 61.0 (53.0–66.0) | 0.11 | 56.0 (42.5–66.5) | |
| Sex -n (%) | <0.05 | |||||
| Female | 39 (44.3) | 10 (32.3) | 19 (57.6) | ** | 10 (41.7) | |
| Male | 49 (55.7) | 21 (67.7) | 14 (42.4) | ** | 14 (58.3) | |
| Padua score -n (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| <4 | 50 (56.8) | 0 (0.0) | 26 (78.8) | ** | 24 (100.0) | |
| ≥4 | 38 (43.2) | 31 (100.0) | 7 (21.2) | ** | 0 (0.0) | |
| D-dimer top-value – n (%) (normal range 0–0.5) | <0.001 | |||||
| <5 ug/mL | 54 (61.4) | 4 (12.9) | 26 (78.8) | ** | 24 (100.0) | |
| ≥5 ug/mL | 34 (38.6) | 27 (87.1) | 7 (21.2) | ** | 0 (0.0) | |
| DVT -n(%) | 19 (21.6) | 12 (38.7) | 7 (21.2) | 0.169 | 0 | |
| Female | 10 (52.6) | 4 (33.3) | 6 (85.7) | ** | 0 | |
| Male | 9 (47.4) | 8 (66.7) | 1 (14.3) | ** | 0 | |
| Death – n (%) | 18 (20.5) | 18 (58.1) | 0 | <0.001 | 0 | |
| DVT | 5 (27.8) | 5 (27.8) | 0 | ** | 0 | |
| Padua score ≥4 | 18 (100.0) | 18 (100.0) | 0 | ** | 0 | |
| D-dimer value ≥ 5ug/mL | 17 (94.4) | 17 (94.4) | 0 | ** | 0 | |
| Lymphocyte count -median (IQR) (normal range 1.1–3.2×109/L) | 1.01 (0.60–1.35) | 0.55 (0.41–0.83) | 1.08 (0.74–1.46) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.05–1.76) | |
| LDH – median (IQR) (normal range 109–245 U/L) | 250.0 (178.5–485.8) | 543.0 (392.5–608.0) | 236.0 (179.0–324.5) | <0.001 | 174.0 (139.5–229.5) | |
| CRP – median (IQR) (normal range 0–8 mg/L) | 32.33 (3.61–77.64) | 85.48 (53.14–114.31) | 19.62 (4.34–63.06) | <0.001 | 3.09 (0.10–18.00) | |
| Critical patients (n=31) | Critical and severe patients (n=64) | |||||
| Non-survivor (n=18) | Survivor (n=13) | P value | Non-DVT (n=45) | DVT (n=19) | P value | |
| Age – median (IQR) | 67 (60–70) | 66 (61–74) | 0.553 | 62 (55.3–67.8) | 64 (56–71) | 0.36 |
| Sex – n (%) | 0.704 | 0.421 | ||||
| Female | 6 (33.3) | 4 (30.8) | ** | 19 (42.2) | 10 (52.6) | ** |
| Male | 12 (66.7) | 9 (69.2) | ** | 26 (57.8) | 9 (47.4) | ** |
| Padua score – n (%) | ** | <0.05 | ||||
| <4 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ** | 24 (53.3) | 2 (10.5) | ** |
| ≥4 | 18 (100.0) | 13 (100.0) | ** | 21 (46.7) | 17 (89.5) | ** |
| D-dimer top-value – n (%) (normal range 0–0.5) | 0.548 | <0.05 | ||||
| <5 ug/mL | 1 (5.6) | 3 (23.1) | ** | 26 (57.8) | 4 (21.1) | ** |
| ≥5 ug/mL | 17 (94.4) | 10 (76.9) | ** | 19 (42.2) | 15 (78.9) | ** |
| DVT -n(%) | 5 (27.8) | 7 (53.8) | 0 (0.0) | 19 (100.0) | ** | |
| Female | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Male | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Death – n (%) | 18 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | ** | ** | ||
| DVT | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Padua score ≥4 | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| D-dimer value ≥5 ug/mL | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** | ** |
| Lymphocyte count – median (IQR) (normal range 1.1–3.2×109/L) | 0.47 (0.27–0.62) | 0.76 (0.57–0.89) | <0.05 | 0.89 (0.49–1.30) | 0.75 (0.52–0.98) | 0.142 |
| LDH – median (IQR) (normal range 109–245 U/L) | 564.5 (465.3–677.5) | 451.5 (289.5–550.5) | 0.078 | 294.0 (184.3–556.8) | 461.0 (348.0–564.0) | 0.123 |
| CRP – median (IQR) (normal range 0–8 mg/L) | 89.4 (56.7–120.3) | 65.2 (35.7–108.8) | 0.203 | 47.6 (7.4–84.5) | 72.4 (52.3–120.8) | 0.29 |
IQR – interquartile range; CRP – C-reactive protein; LDH – lactate dehydrogenase.
*
P values were calculated between critical and severe groups by Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test, or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate.