Table 1.
Study characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma studies.
| COPDa and asthma studyb | Country | Participants | Setting | Participants, mean (SD) | Gender (female), n (%) | Severityc | CGd | Intervention (weeks) | Follow-up (weeks) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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IGe | CG |
|
IG | CG |
|
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|
|
|
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| COPD (included in the meta-analysis) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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Bentley et al [45] | England | 25 | 23 | Home | 67.20 (11.60) | 65.90 (9.40) | —f | — | Home visits | 8 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||
|
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Chau et al [48] | China | 22 | 18 | Home | 73.50 (6.10) | 72.20 (6.10) | 1 (3) | II-IV | Home visits | 8 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Casas et al [47] | Spain and Belgium | 65 | 90 | Home and SCg | 70.00 (90.00) | 72.00 (90.00) | 26 (16.8) | I-IV | UCh | 4 | 48 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Garcia et al [22] | Spain | 21 | 41 | Home and SC | 73.00 (6.00) | 74.00 (8.00) | 8 (13) | — | UC | 48 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Jehn et al [50] | Germany | 32 | 30 | Home and PCi | 64.10 (10.90) | 69.10 (9.20) | 14 (23) | II-IV | UC+PC visits | 36 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Koff et al [24] | United States | 20 | 20 | Home and SC | 66.60 (9.10) | 65.00 (8.20) | 21 (53) | III-IV | UC | 12 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Nguyen et al [51] | United States | 19 | 20 | Home and PC | 68.00 (8.30) | 70.90 (8.60) | 17 (44) | — | Home visits | 24 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Wang et al [54] | China | 55 | 65 | Home and SC | 69.30 (7.80) | 71.90 (8.10) | 63 (52.5) | II-IV | UC | 24 | 48 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Wang et al [55] | China | 39 | 39 | Home and SC | 63.20 (7.50) | 64.40 (7.00) | 23 (30) | Mostly II-IV | SC visits | 48 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Wei et al [56] | China | 42 | 45 | Home and SC | 65.20 (8.10) | 63.90 (6.20) | — | I-IV | UC | 24 | 48 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Xin et al [57] | China | 114 | 113 | Home and SC | 64.20 (14.20) | 64.60 (14.50) | 141 (62.1) | — | UC | 48 | — | |||||||||||||||||
| COPD (not included in the meta-analysis) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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Cameron et al [46] | Australia | 35 | 30 | Home and SC | 68.00 (9.90) | 70.00 (6.80) | — | I-IV | UC | 8 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||
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|
Haesum et al [49] | Denmark | 47 | 43 | Home and PC | 70.20 (9.00) | 69.50 (10.10) | 47 (52) | I-IV | UC | 4 | 40 | |||||||||||||||||
|
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Sorknaes et al [52] | Denmark | 121 | 121 | Home and PC | 71.00 (10.00) | 72.00 (9.00) | — | I-IV | PC visits | 12 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Stamenova et al [53] | Canada | 41 | 41 | Home and SC | 71.98 (9.52) | 71.76 (7.28) | 36 (44) | II-IV | SC visits | 24 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Stamenova et al [53] | Canada | 41 | 40 | Home and SC | 71.98 (9.52) | 72.78 (9.16) | 37 (46) | II-IV | UC | 24 | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Asthma (included in the meta-analysis) |
|
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Cao et al [58] | China | 37 | 30 | Home and SC | 39.10 (14.30) | 41.40 (12.00) | 52 (78) | — | SC visits | 12 | — | |||||||||||||||||
|
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Ostojic et al [60] | United States | 8 | 8 | Home and PC | 24.80 (6.30) | 24.50 (7.00) | 7 (44) | Mj | UC | 16 | — | |||||||||||||||||
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Türk et al [61] | The Netherlands | 7 | 10 | SC | 41.57 (12.54) | 41.90 (8.58) | 13 (77) | — | SC visits | 12 | 48 | |||||||||||||||||
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Türk et al [61] | The Netherlands | 14 | 10 | SC | 41.57 (9.73) | 41.90 (8.58) | 19 (79) | — | SC visits | 12 | 48 | |||||||||||||||||
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van der Meer et al [25] | The Netherlands | 101 | 99 | Home and SC | 36.00 (19.00; 50.00) | 37.00 (18.00; 50.00) | 139 (69.5) | — | UC | 12 | 36 | |||||||||||||||||
|
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van Gaalen et al [62] | The Netherlands | 47 | 60 | Home and SC | 36.00 (8.70) | 37.00 (8.00) | 76 (71.0) | — | UC | 48 | 120 | |||||||||||||||||
| Asthma (not included in the meta-analysis) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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Barbanel et al [23] | England | 12 | 12 | Home and SC | 45.00 (17.00) | 47.00 (17.00) | 13 (54) | — | UC | 12 | — | |||||||||||||||||
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|
Kohler et al [59] | Germany | 41 | 41 | Home and PC | 49.00 (12.00) | 52.00 (8.00) | 32 (39) | — | PCi visits | 3 | — | |||||||||||||||||
aCOPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
bStudy by Bentley et al [45] and Nguyen et al [51] were feasibility RCTs, and study by Chau et al [48] was a pilot RCT. There was 1 study including 1 intervention group and 2 control groups (study by Stamenova et al [53]). Study by Türk et al [61] included 2 intervention groups and 1 control group.
cCOPD severity was classified according to GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) classification. Asthma severity was classified by the physician diagnosis.
dCG: control group.
eIG: intervention group.
fNot reported in the study.
gSC: secondary care.
hUC: usual care.
iPC: primary care.
jM: moderate severity.