Table 3.
Description of the blended self-management interventions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma studies.
| COPDa and asthma study | eHealth | Face-to-face | ||||||||
|
|
Category (details) | Functionality | Category (details) | Functionality | ||||||
| COPD (included in the meta-analysis) | ||||||||||
|
|
Bentley et al [45] | IAb (telehealth-supported service) | Guide, remind, and record | Individual (home visits) | Training | |||||
|
|
Chau et al [48] | IA (peripheral devices+mobile phone) | Guide, record, remind, and display | Individual (home visits) | Education and consultation | |||||
|
|
Garcia et al [22] | IA (web-based call centre) | Guide, remind, and record | Individual (SCc and home visits) | Assessment, education, and consultation | |||||
|
|
Jehn et al [50] | MCd (peripheral devices+mobile) | Display, record, and remind | Individual (outpatient visits) | Training, and monitoring | |||||
|
|
Koff et al [24] | MC (peripheral devices+web platform+phone call) | Record, display, instruct, guide, remind, and communication | Individual (home visits) | Education, consultation; training, and assessment | |||||
|
|
Nguyen et al [51] | MC (web modules+PDAe) | Guide, remind, record, and communication | Individual (home and PCf visits) | Education, training, and assessment | |||||
|
|
Stamenova et al [53] | MC (peripheral devices+web platform+phone call) | Display, record, remind, guide, and communication | Individual (SC visits) | Assessment and consultation | |||||
|
|
Wang et al [54] | IA (web platform) | Guide, record, instruct, and communication | Individual (SC visit) | Monitoring | |||||
|
|
Wang et al [55] | MAg (web-based app) | Guide and communication | Individual (SC visits) | Education | |||||
|
|
Wei et al [56] | MA (phone call) | Guide, remind, record, and communication | Individual (PC visits) | Education, training, and assessment | |||||
|
|
Xin et al [57] | MC (phone call+web platform) | Guide, record, instruct, and communication | Individual (SC visits) | Education and training | |||||
| COPD (not included in the meta-analysis) | ||||||||||
|
|
Cameron et al [46] | MA (phone call) | Guide and communication | Individual+group (exercise guidance) | Education and consultation | |||||
|
|
Casas et al [47] | IA (web-based app) | Display and record | Individual (SC and home visits) | Assessment, education, and consultation | |||||
|
|
Haesum et al [49] | MC (peripheral devices+web platform) | Guide, record, remind, and communication | Individual+group visits | Training and monitoring | |||||
|
|
Sorknaes et al [52] | MC (peripheral devices+web platform) | Guide, instruct, and communication | Individual (PC visits) | Consultation | |||||
| Asthma (included in the meta-analysis) | ||||||||||
|
|
Cao et al [58] | MA (Wechat app) | Guide, remind, and communication | Individual (SC visit) | Education | |||||
|
|
Ostojic et al [60] | MA (SMS) | Guide, display, record, and communication | Individual (PC visits) | Education | |||||
|
|
Türk et al [61] | IA (web platform) | Instruct, record, and communication | Group (unclear) | Education and training | |||||
|
|
van der Meer et al [25] | IA (web platform) | Guide, remind, record, and communication | Group (unclear) | Assessment and education | |||||
|
|
van Gaalen et al [62] | IA (web platform) | Guide, remind, and communication | Group (unclear) | Education and consultation | |||||
| Asthma (not included in the meta-analysis) | ||||||||||
|
|
Barbanel et al [23] | MA (phone call) | Guide, remind, and record | Individual (unclear) | Education | |||||
|
|
Kohler et al [59] | IA (web platform) | Guide, record, and communication | Group (unclear) | Education and training | |||||
aCOPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
bIA: internet-assisted.
cSC: secondary care.
dMC: multiple component.
ePDA: personal digital assistant.
fPC: primary care.
gMA: mobile application.