Table 1.
Baseline Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Newly Diagnosed Tuberculosis Patients by Diabetes Mellitus Status in Pune, India
| Characteristic | Overall (n = 799) | TB-only (n = 574) | TB-DM (n = 225) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 269 (34) | 212 (37) | 57 (25) | .002 |
| Male | 530 (66) | 362 (63) | 168 (75) | |
| Age, y | ||||
| <25 | 251 (31) | 242 (42) | 9 (4) | |
| 25–40 | 281 (35) | 231 (40) | 50 (22) | <.001 |
| >40 | 267 (33) | 101 (18) | 166 (74) | |
| Residence | ||||
| Rural | 84 (11) | 54 (9) | 30 (13) | .12 |
| Urban | 715 (89) | 520 (91) | 195 (87) | |
| Family Type | ||||
| Nuclear | 454 (57) | 333 (58) | 121 (54) | .30 |
| Joint | 345 (43) | 241 (42) | 104 (46) | |
| Employment | ||||
| Unemployed | 383 (48) | 272 (48) | 110 (49) | .75 |
| Employed | 416 (52) | 301 (52) | 115 (51) | |
| Household income, Indian rupees | ||||
| >10 000 | 274 (36) | 232 (38) | 42 (26) | .007 |
| <10 000 | 494 (64) | 377 (62) | 117 (74) | |
| Anemiaa | ||||
| No | 678 (86) | 471 (83) | 207 (92) | .001 |
| Yes | 115 (15) | 97 (17) | 18 (8) | |
| Smoking | ||||
| Non-smoker | 648 (81) | 471 (82) | 177 (79) | .27 |
| Smoker | 151 (19) | 103 (18) | 48 (21) | |
| Alcohol | ||||
| No | 561 (70) | 405 (71) | 156 (69) | .73 |
| Yes | 238 (30) | 169 (29) | 69 (31) | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Smear grade | ||||
| Negative | 236 (30) | 168 (29) | 68 (30) | |
| 1+ | 283 (35) | 203 (35) | 80 (36) | .96 |
| 2+ | 154 (19) | 110 (19) | 44 (20) | |
| 3+ | 126 (16) | 93 (16) | 33 (15) | |
| Body mass indexb | ||||
| Normal | 257 (32) | 140 (24) | 117 (52) | |
| Underweight | 503 (63) | 421 (73) | 82 (36) | <.001 |
| Overweight | 39 (5) | 13 (2) | 26 (12) | |
| Cavity on X-ray | ||||
| Absent | 360 (54) | 262 (55) | 98 (52) | .49 |
| Present | 303 (46) | 213 (45) | 90 (48) | |
| Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) | ||||
| <5.6 | 357 (45) | 354 (62) | 3 (1) | |
| 5.6–6.5 | 238 (30) | 217 (38) | 21 (9) | <.001 |
| ≥6.5 | 200 (25) | 0 | 200 (89) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No DM | 574 (72) | 574 (100) | 0 | |
| New DM | 70 (9) | 0 | 69 (31) | <.001 |
| Known DM | 155 (19) | 0 | 155 (69) | |
| TB Treatment Regimen | ||||
| Intermittent | 619 (77%) | 488 (85%) | 131 (58%) | <.001 |
| Daily | 180 (23%) | 86 (14%) | 94 (42% |
All data are presented as No. (%).
Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; HH, household; TB, tuberculosis.
aDefined as hemoglobin <8 mg/dL for women and <8.5 mg/dL for men.
bCalculated as weight (kg)/(height (m)2 and categorized as underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), or overweight (>25–29.9 kg/m2).