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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 15.
Published in final edited form as: Crit Rev Immunol. 2020;40(2):135–156. doi: 10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2020033728

FIG. 2:

FIG. 2:

DNA methylation and demethylation. DNMT3A/B deposit a methyl group on unmodified cytosine bases to generate 5mC. During replication, DNMT1 methylates daughter strands to maintain 5mC. 5mC can be sequentially oxidized by TET enzymes to 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC. 5fC and 5caC can then be converted to an unmodified cytosine.