Fig. 1.

(A) Structure of a standard second‐generation CAR, consisting of an scFv targeting a tumor‐associated antigen, a transmembrane domain, and intracellular signaling domains derived from a costimulatory receptor and CD3ζ. (B) Basic scheme of CAR T cell therapy. Leukocytes are harvested by leukapheresis from the patient, followed by isolation of T cells and genetic engineering to induce CAR expression. After expansion, enriched CAR T cells are administered to the patient.