Table 1.

Interrater results from the creation of the training data. Tweets were randomly sampled from the regular expression-filtered data sets and duplicates were removed. Each rater was assigned a portion of overlapping tweets to allow for interrater evaluation.

Theory	Unique tweets labeled (n)	Tweets labeled by multiple authors (n)	Agreement	Cohen κ
5Ga	725	146	0.852	0.708
Gatesb	711	143	0.893	0.782
Labc	735	146	0.901	0.796
Vaxd	775	199	0.915	0.751

^a5G: conspiracy theories related to 5G technology.

^bGates: conspiracy theories related to Bill Gates or the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

^cLab: conspiracy theories related to SARS-CoV-2 being laboratory-released or human-made.

^dVax: conspiracy theories related to vaccines.