Table 3.

Initial mixed-effects regression of consultation and patient factors against consultation duration; random effects for patient and practice^a (data from 2013/2014)

Factors	Univariableb			Multivariable
	Change, minutes	95% CI	P-value	Change, minutes	95% CI	P-value
Consultationa
Mean duration	NA	NA	NA	9.78	9.56 to 10.00	<0.001
About drug/alcohol use	4.49	3.99 to 4.98	<0.001	4.19	3.68 to 4.69	<0.001
About chronic pain	1.48	1.37 to 1.60	<0.001	0.98	0.86 to 1.10	<0.001
About dementia	1.45	0.92 to 1.98	<0.001	1.42	0.90 to 1.94	<0.001
Results in emergency hospital admission	7.81	7.12 to 8.5	<0.001	7.76	7.09 to 8.43	<0.001
About learning disability/autism	4.54	3.86 to 5.22	<0.001	3.84	3.17 to 4.52	<0.001
About mental health problems	4.06	3.92 to 4.21	<0.001	3.85	3.70 to 3.99	<0.001
≥2 diagnoses from unique Read chapters	2.99	2.87 to 3.12	<0.001	2.54	2.42 to 2.67	<0.001
≥3 unique substances prescribed	1.93	1.87 to 1.99	<0.001	1.73	1.67 to 1.80	<0.001
≥2 preventive routine tasks carried out	3.94	3.75 to 4.13	<0.001	3.73	3.55 to 3.92	<0.001
First consultation after cancer diagnosis	0.59	0.04 to 1.14	0.037	0.43	−0.11 to 0.97	0.118
First consultation after diabetes diagnosis	3.59	3.00 to 4.17	<0.001	3.05	2.48 to 3.63	<0.001
Patienta
Mean duration of consultation	NA	NA	NA	10.02	9.79 to 10.25	<0.001
Drug/alcohol abuse in previous year	2.03	1.58 to 2.48	<0.001	1.89	1.44 to 2.33	<0.001
Chronic pain in previous year	0.87	0.72 to 1.02	<0.001	0.73	0.58 to 0.89	<0.001
Dementia (ever)	−0.78	−1.19 to −0.38	<0.001	NAc	NAc	NAc
Domestic violence in last year	1.46	0.40 to 2.52	0.007	1.43	0.37 to 2.49	0.008
Frequent attender (≥ 14 consultations in last year)	0.35	0.19 to 0.52	<0.001	0.01	−0.17 to 0.19	0.902
Homelessness in previous year	1.64	0.67 to 2.61	<0.001	1.36	0.39 to 2.33	0.006
Housebound or nursing home in previous 3 years	−3.72	−4.37 to −3.06	<0.001	NAc	NAc	NAc
No English noted in last 3 years	1.02	0.29 to 1.76	0.006	0.98	0.25 to 1.72	0.009
Learning disability/autism (ever)	0.10	−0.17 to 0.36	0.481	0.06	−0.21 to 0.33	0.654
Severe mental illness in previous 3 years	0.18	−0.36 to 0.72	0.506	−0.10	−0.64 to 0.44	0.727
≥3 long-term conditionsd	0.45	0.36 to 0.54	<0.001	0.32	0.21 to 0.43	<0.001
Receiving palliative care (ever)	−0.58	−1.22 to 0.05	0.07	NAc	NAc	NAc
Personality/disruptive disorder (ever)	0.75	0.37 to 1.13	<0.001	0.51	0.12 to 0.89	0.01
Polypharmacy (≥ 9 unique substances prescribed in previous 3 months)	0.40	0.25 to 0.56	<0.001	−0.07	−0.25 to 0.11	0.447
Child protection/safeguarding in previous 3 years	−0.33	−0.69 to 0.04	0.079	NAc	NAc	NAc

^aBased on separate regressions for consultation and patient factors.

^bMixed-effect model with random intercepts for practice and patient, and a fixed effect for each patient or consultation factor at a time.

^cFactors that had a negative relationship with consultation duration were excluded.

^dBased on conditions included in the Cambridge Multimorbidity Score.³⁰ NA = not applicable.