Table 7.
Edible grocery sales of leading modern retail chains by origin of retail company over selected African countries, 2002–2018, in real millions of US dollars (USD 2018 constant prices)
| Waves | Sales 2002 | Sales 2018 | Total growth 2002–2018 (%) | Average growth per year (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Wave | 8,594.00 | 25,576 | 198 | 11 |
| Botswana | 718.00 | 937 | 30 | 5 |
| Namibia | 146.00 | 615 | 321 | 17 |
| South Africa | 7,730.00 | 24,024 | 211 | 12 |
| Second Wave | 1,124.00 | 1,303 | 16 | 5 |
| Kenya | 209.00 | 1,062 | 407 | 12 |
| Madagascar | 13.00 | 113 | 756 | 32 |
| Malawi | 901.00 | 128 | −86 | −5 |
| Mozambique | 0.03 | 208 | 608,312 | 15 |
| Tanzania | 31.00 | 18 | −40 | 5 |
| Zambia | 0.11 | 354 | 323,935 | 15 |
| Zimbabwe | 217.00 | 960 | 343 | 11 |
| Third Wave | 42.00 | 664 | 1,492 | 28 |
| Angola | 42.00 | 327 | 684 | 26 |
| Ghana | — | 43 | — | 19 |
| Nigeria | — | 294 | — | 35 |
| Senegal | 1.30 | 19 | 1,380 | 22 |
Source: Authors’ calculations from raw data from www.ascentialedge.com.