Table 2.
Associations between underlying conditions and hospitalisation from COVID-19 among all confirmed cases within the study subset (n=19,789)a.
| Risk factor | No hospitalisation (n=16978) | Hospitalised (n=2811) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR for age1 (95% CI) | Adjusted OR2 (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gender Male Female (reference) |
7020 9958 |
1616 (18.71%) 1195 (10.71%) |
1.92 (1.77, 2.08) |
1.86 (1.71, 2.03)*** |
1.78 (1.62, 1.95)*** |
|
Chronic heart disease Yes No |
1709 15269 |
991 (36.70%) 1820 (10.65%) |
4.87 (4.44, 5.33) |
2.30 (2.08, 2.44)*** |
1.66 (1.48, 1.86)*** |
|
Chronic neurological condition Yes No |
866 16112 |
358 (29.25%) 2453 (13.21%) |
2.72 (2.38, 3.09) |
1.01 (0.88, 1.17) |
1.03 (0.88, 1.22) |
|
Chronic respiratory disease Yes No |
1525 15453 |
558 (26.79%) 2253 (12.72%) |
2.51 (2.26, 2.79) |
1.89 (1.68, 2.12)*** |
1.34 (1.18, 1.53)*** |
|
Chronic kidney disease Yes No |
281 16697 |
277 (49.64%) 2534 (13.18%) |
6.50 (5.47, 7.71) |
3.40 (2.83, 4.08)*** |
2.24 (1.83, 2.75)*** |
|
Chronic liver disease Yes No |
94 16884 |
68 (41.98%) 2743 (13.98%) |
4.45 (3.25, 6.10) |
2.77 (1.98, 3.89)*** |
1.57 (1.08, 2.30)* |
|
Asthma (requiring medication) Yes No |
309 16669 |
158 (33.83%) 2653 (13.73%) |
3.21 (2.64, 3.91) |
3.83 (3.08, 4.76)*** |
2.83 (2.23, 3.59)*** |
|
Immunodeficiency incl. HIV Yes No |
289 16689 |
113 (28.11%) 2698 (13.92%) |
2.42 (1.94, 3.02) |
2.04 (1.61, 2.59)*** |
1.37 (1.05, 1.79)* |
|
Diabetes Yes No |
766 16212 |
458 (37.42%) 2353 (12.67%) |
4.12 (3.64, 4.66) |
2.27 (1.99, 2.59)*** |
1.60 (1.38, 1.85)*** |
|
BMI ≥40kg/m2 Yes No |
164 16814 |
134 (44.97%) 2677 (13.73%) |
5.14 (4.07, 6.48) |
5.82 (4.50, 7.51)*** |
4.29 (3.27, 5.65)*** |
|
Cancer / malignancy Yes No |
396 16582 |
351 (46.99%) 2460 (12.92%) |
5.98 (5.14, 6.94) |
2.88 (2.46, 3.38)*** |
2.39 (2.00, 2.84)*** |
|
Other comorbidity Yes No |
3102 13876 |
1104 (26.25%) 1707 (10.95%) |
2.89 (2.66, 3.15) |
1.67 (1.52, 1.83)*** |
1.56 (1.41, 1.74)*** |
|
Comorbidity unknown$ Yes No |
1430 15548 |
159 (10.01%) 2652 (14.57%) |
0.65 (0.55, 0.77) |
0.44 (0.37, 0.52)*** |
1.14 (0.94, 1.38) |
|
Residential care facility Yes No |
1365 15613 |
233 (14.58%) 2578 (14.17%) |
1.03 (0.90, 1.20) |
0.25 (0.21, 0.29)*** |
0.28 (0.23, 0.34)*** |
aAge is modeled as a polynomial in the model and therefore odds ratios are not directly interpretable
1Adjusted OR, adjusted for age (linear, quadratic, cubic)
2Adjusted OR, adjusted for age (linear, quadratic, cubic), chronic heart disease, chronic neurological disease, chronic respiratory disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, asthma (requiring meds), immunodeficiency, diabetes, BMI ≥40, cancer, other comorbidity, unknown comorbidity, community health office, residential care facility and route of transmission.
$Where an underlying clinical condition was indicated but none of the conditions listed (and pregnancy) were reported. Odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). P-value for overall association (Wald χ2) *p<0.05; ** p<0.001; *** p<0.0001.