Table 2A.
AT group pre- and post-training results and AT/RT pre/post-training group comparisons.
| Baseline | Post-training | ΔTraining | p-value for AT pre- and post-training | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise capacity | ||||
| pVO2 mL/min | 2,448 (484.9) | 2,784 (483.3) | 335 (74.1) | 0.001* |
| mL/kg/min | 26.85 (4.3) | 31.09 (5.0) | 4.2 (0.93) | 0.001* |
| O2p mL/beat | 14.40 (2.52) | 16.34 (2.6) | 1.9 (1.3) | 0.008* |
| mL/kg/beat | 0.16 (0.02) | 0.18 (0.02) | 0.02 (0.02) | 0.0001* |
| Ve/VCO2 slope | 30.09 (4.5) | 30.55 (3.5) | 0.46 (0.78) | 0.56 |
| Vascular structure | ||||
| BaseAve (mm) | 3.47 (0.49) | 3.63 (0.47) | 0.16 (0.09) | 0.11 |
| MaxDia (mm) | 3.69 (0.47) | 3.86 (0.47) | 0.18 (0.08) | 0.05 |
| %ChgMax (%) | 6.45 (2.89) | 6.53 (2.31) | 0.09 (1.1) | 0.94 |
| TimeToMax (ms) | 44.45 (14.26)64 (24.6) | 45.63 (18.56) | 1.18 (7.10) | 0.87 |
| Rel Ave Shear Rate (s−1) | 0.20 (0.08) | 0.19 (0.04) | −0.01 (0.09) | 0.62 |
| Rel Peak Shear Rate (s−1) | 0.34 (0.12) | 0.34 (0.11) | 0.00 (0014) | 0.95 |
| NTG mediated (%) | 26.2 (11.2) | 23.7 (8.9) | −1.15 (11.0) | 0.93 |
| Cardiac structure | ||||
| Heart Rate, bpm | 6.0 (9.0) | 60.0 (9.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0 |
| LVEDV, mL | 95.6 (18.7) | 98.8 (14.5) | 4.2 (3.0) | 0.20* |
| LVESV, mL | 34.5 (7.4) | 39.0 (8.8) | 4.5(2.1) | 0.06 |
| Systolic function | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 63.7 (4.5) | 60.6 (5.4) | −3.1 (1.2) | 0.62* |
| Ea (mmHg/mL) | 1.6 (0.1) | 1.8 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.42 |
| Ees (mmHg/mL) | 1.9 (1.2) | 2.5 (1.2) | 0.67 (1.2) | 0.68 |
| Ees/Ea (ratio) | 1.1 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.4) | 0.2 (0.6) | 0.77* |
| Tei Index | 0.52 (0.07) | 0.50 (0.07) | −0.02 (0.05) | 0.14 |
| Strain Indices | ||||
| Longitudinal global Peak Strain | −19.6 (0.64) | −17.3 (4.3) | −0.75 (5.0) | 0.59 |
| Time to peak longitudinal strain | 0.40 (0.05) | 0.38 (0.05) | −0.02 (0.04) | 0.06 |
| Strain rate (SR) (seconds)−1 | −83.6 (17.6) | −82.9 (26.1) | 0.71 (33.7) | 0.94 |
| Time to peak SR | 0.22 (0.05) | 0.18 (0.05) | −0.04 (0.07) | 0.06 |
| Circumferential peak global strain | −19.3 (6.1) | −19.2 (5.6) | 0.21 (6.7) | 0.91 |
| Radial peak global strain | −26.8 (14.7) | −37.2 (22.4) | −9.84 (24.5) | 0.17 |
| Diastolic function | ||||
| E | 0.62 (0.09) | 0.66 (0.11) | 0.04 (0.13) | 0.31 |
| A | 0.60 (0.12) | 0.62 (0.14) | 0.02 (0.11) | 0.58 |
| e' | 0.11 (0.02) | 0.10 (0.03) | −0.004 (0.02) | 0.39 |
| E/A | 1.1 (0.33) | 1.1 (0.24) | 0.03 (0.27) | 0.72 |
| E/e' | 5.8 (1.4) | 6.8 (1.7) | 0.71 (1.6) | 0.11 |
| MV Dec T | 196.5 (28.0) | 207.0 (31.1) | 10.5 (43.5) | 0.38 |
| IVRT | 95.7 (11.6) | 89.3 (8.4) | −6.4 (13.6) | 0.10 |
| Peak early diastolic longitudinal strain (max) | 0.32 (0.08) | 0.31 (0.09) | −0.001 (0.10) | 0.97 |
| Time to peak early longitudinal strain (seconds)(max) | 0.16 (0.04) | 0.16 (0.04) | 0.002 (0.06) | 0.92 |
| SRE Max | 92.8 (22.7) | 101.1 (27.4) | 8.2 (23.3) | 0.21 |
| SRA Max | 77.4 (21.0) | 78.7 (34.0) | 1.3 (34.6) | 0.90 |
Indicates training effect is significantly different between AT and RT.
pVO2, absolute peak VO2; pO2 pulse, absolute peak O2 pulse; LVEDV, center ventricular end diastolic volume; LVESV, center ventricular end systolic volume; E, early trans-mitral LV filling (meters/second); A, late transmitral LV filling (meters/second); e', average tissue Doppler velocity of the septal and mitral annulus (meters/second); MV Dec T, Deceleration time of mitral inflow Doppler; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time; SRE Max, strain rate diastolic E maximum; SRA Max, strain rate diastolic A maximum.
All data presented as mean (SD), unless otherwise noted. The bold values have significant p-values.