Table 8.
The mean differences between PG, UG and SD students, and the corresponding interpretation in 5 measurement factors.
| Measurement Factors | Mean Difference Between |
Interpretation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PG and UG | PG and SD | UG and SD | ||
| Technology readiness | 0.174** | 0.116* | −0.579 | PG > UG; PG > SD |
| Learner control | 0.222** | 0.177** | −0.045 | PG > UG; PG > SD |
| Online Communication self-efficacy | 0.109 | 0.130* | 0.021 | PG > SD |
| Self-directed learning | 0.157** | 0.170** | 0.013 | PG > UG; PG > SD |
| Motivation for learning | 0.362** | 0.333** | −0.030 | PG > UG; PG > SD |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.