Table 1.

The protective effect of TCMs on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury and potential mechanisms.

Traditional Chinese medicine	Major active ingredients	Models	Animals	Protective effects	Potential mechanisms	Ref.
Atractylodes macrocephala	Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP)	Hepatic I/RI model	SD rats	Antioxidation stress	NF-κB signaling pathway	Jin et al. [7]
Saffron	Saffron ethanol extract (SEE)	Hepatic I/RI model	Wistar rats	Antioxidation stress; inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress	—	Pan et al. [8]
Breviscapus	Breviscapine	Hepatic I/RI model	SD rats	Antioxidation stress	Mfn2/Ras-PI3K-Akt pathway	Lin et al. [9]
Salvia miltiorrhiza	Caffeic acid (CA)/3, 4-dihydroxycinnamic acid	Hepatic I/RI model	SD rats	Antioxidation stress; Anti-inflammatory response	Sirt3 signaling pathway	Mu et al. [10]
	Caffeic acid (CA)/3, 4-dihydroxycinnamic acid	Liver transplantation model	SD rats, hepatocyte	Antioxidation stress; anti-inflammatory response	PDIA3-NADPH signaling pathway	Mu et al. [11]
	Magnesium lithospermate B (MLB)	Hepatic I/RI model	C57BL/6 mice	Anti-inflammatory response	NF-κB signaling pathway	Song et al. [12]
	Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA)	Hepatic I/RI model	C57BL/6 mice	Anti-inflammatory response	TLR4 signaling pathway	Qi et al. [13]
Huperzia serrata	Huperzine A (HupA)	Hepatic I/RI model	Wistar rats	Antioxidation stress; antiapoptosis	—	Xu and Wang [14]
Gynostemma pentaphyllum	Gypenoside (GP)	Hepatic I/RI model	C57BL/6 mice	Antioxidation stress; antiapoptosis	—	Zhao et al. [15]
Glycyrrhiza uralensis	Glycyrrhizin (GL)/Glycyrrhizic acid	Hepatic I/RI model	SD rats	Antioxidation stress	Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway	Kou et al. [16]
Tripterygium wilfondii Hook F	Triptolide (diterpenoid triepoxide)	Hepatic I/RI model	C57BL/6 mice, splenocytes	Anti-inflammatory response	STAT3 signaling pathway	Wu et al. [17]
Kudzu	Puerarin/7, 4-dihydroxyisoflavone-8β-glucopyranoside	Hepatic I/RI model	SD rats	Anti-inflammatory response	TLR4/NF-κB pathway	Xiao et al. [18]
Corydalis yanhusuo	Levo-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP)	Hepatic I/RI model	BALB/c mice	Anti-inflammatory response; antiapoptosis	ERK/NF-κB pathway	Yu et al. [19]
Astragalus membranaceus	Astragaloside IV (AST-IV)	Liver transplantation model	SD rats	Anti-inflammatory response	NF-κB signaling pathway	Chen et al. [20]
Chinese medicine mixture	Xuebijing (XBJ)	Hepatic I/RI model	C57BL/6 mice	Anti-inflammatory response	NF-κB signaling pathway	Liu et al. [21]
Ginkgo biloba leaf	Ginkgo biloba Dropping Pill (GBDP)	Hepatic I/RI model	C57BL/6 mice, hepatocytes	Antiapoptosis	—	Wang et al. [22]
Chinese medicine mixture	Berberine	Liver transplantation model	Wistar rats	Inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress	—	Zhang et al. [23]