Table 3.
Prevalence of anaemia, microcytic anaemia, and malarial anaemia with respect to sociodemographic and clinical factors.
| Parameter | Category | N | Prevalence [% (n)] of | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anaemia | P value | Microcytic anaemia | P value | Malarial anaemia | P value | ||||
| Sociodemographic factors | |||||||||
| Gender | Male | 267 | 70.0 (187) | 39.7 (106) | 0.196 | 20.6 (55) | |||
| Female | 299 | 67.6 (202) | 0.525 | 34.4 (103) | 18.7 (56) | 0.57.6 | |||
| Age | 1–5 | 291 | 69.1 (201) | 43.3 (126) | <0.001 | 21.6 (63) | |||
| 6–10 | 141 | 70.2 (99) | 0.781 | 38.3 (54) | 25.5(35) | ||||
| 11–15 | 134 | 66.4 (89) | 21.6 (29) | 9.0 (12) | 0.001 | ||||
| Altitude | Lowland | 348 | 77.3 (269) | 49.1 (179) | 24.4 (85) | ||||
| Highland | 218 | 55.0 (120) | <0.001 | 17.4 (38) | <0.001 | 11.9 (26) | <0.001 | ||
| Point of presentation | Community | 208 | 81.2 (169) | 42.8 (89) | 15.9 (33) | ||||
| Hospital | 358 | 61.5 (220) | <0.001 | 33.5 (120) | 0.028 | 21.8 (78) | 0.089 | ||
| Parents' agec | ≤25 | 16 | 68.8 (11) | 12.5 (2) | 6.2 (1) | ||||
| 26–35 | 116 | 80.2 (93) | 0.006 | 39.7 (46) | 0.004 | 21.6 (25) | 0.046 | ||
| 36–50 | 180 | 70.6 (127) | 31.1 (56) | 12.8 (23) | |||||
| >50 | 95 | 57.9 (55) | 18.9 (18) | 9.5 (9) | |||||
| Family size | 1–5 | 286 | 69.6 (199) | 40.9 (117) | 21.7 (62) | ||||
| 6–10 | 248 | 71.4 (177) | 0.002 | 33.9 (84) | 0.086 | 17.3 (43) | 0.449 | ||
| >10 | 32 | 40.6 (13) | 25.0 (8) | 18.8 (6) | |||||
| Education | Primary | 132 | 75.8 (100) | 40.2 (53) | 13.6 (18) | ||||
| Secondary | 230 | 73.5 (169) | 0.001 | 39.1 (90) | 0.306 | 20.9 (48) | 0.057 | ||
| Tertiary | 179 | 57.0 (102) | 31.3 (56) | 20.1 (36) | |||||
| No formal | 25 | 72.0 (18) | 40.0 (10) | 36.0 (9) | |||||
| Occupation | Farming | 123 | 71.5 (88) | 39.0 (48) | 18.7 (23) | ||||
| Civil servant | 77 | 57.1 (44) | 18.2 (14) | 14.3 (11) | |||||
| Petty trading | 63 | 52.4 (33) | 25.4 (16) | 19.0 (12) | |||||
| Private worker | 92 | 76.1 (70) | 35.9 (33) | 16.3 (15) | |||||
| Fishing | 103 | 86.4 (89) | <0.001 | 56.3 (58) | <0.001 | 24.3 (25) | 0.094 | ||
| Jobless | 69 | 63.8 (44) | 46.4 (32) | 30.4 (21) | |||||
| Retired | 39 | 53.8 (21) | 20.5 (8) | 10.3 (4) | |||||
| Ethnicity | Coastal | 212 | 68.9 (146) | 27.8 (59) | 12.7 (27) | ||||
| Grassland | 112 | 61.6 (69) | 23.2 (26) | 15.2 (17) | |||||
| Forest | 5 | 100.0 (5) | 0.002 | 60.0 (3) | 0.002 | 20.0 (1) | 0.546 | ||
| Sahel | 7 | 71.4 (5) | 14.3 (1) | 0.0 (0) | |||||
| Other ethnic groups | 68 | 88.2 (60) | 48.5 (33) | 19.1 (13) | |||||
|
| |||||||||
| Clinical factors | |||||||||
| Fever | No | 409 | 69.2 (283) | 35.2 (144) | 15.4 (63) | ||||
| Yes | 157 | 67.5 (106) | 0.700 | 41.4 (65) | 0.172 | 30.6 (48) | <0.001 | ||
| Malaria parasite status | Positive | 157 | 70.7 (111) | 49.7 (78) | 70.7 (111) | ||||
| Negative | 409 | 60.0 (278) | 0.531 | 32.0 (131) | <0.001 | 0.0 (0) | <0.001 | ||
| Parasite load | Low | 92 | 70.7 (65) | 50.0 (46) | 70.7 (65) | ||||
| Moderate | 43 | 74.4 (32) | 0.665 | 62.8 (27) | 0.009 | 74.4 (32) | 0.665 | ||
| High | 22 | 63.6 (14) | 22.7 (5) | 63.3 (14) | |||||
| Malnutrition | No | 480 | 11.3 (20) | 0.082 | 14.6 (52) | 0.586 | 14.7 (67) | 0.529 | |
| Yes | 86 | 17.0 (66) | 16.3 (34) | 17.1 (19) | |||||
| Inflammation | No | 150 | 67.3 (101) | 0.011 | 44.7 (67) | 0.436 | 22.7 (34) | 0.902 | |
| Yes | 211 | 79.1 (167) | 48.8 (103) | 23.2 (49) | |||||
cCalculated for 407 participants: P value obtained by χ2, P values in bold are statistically significant.