Fig. 2. Schematic diagram illustrates the specific roles of ERRα, LRH-1, and SF-1 in the regulation of key enzymatic genes involved in intratumoral androgen biosynthesis in prostate cancer cells.

Multiple key enzymatic genes involved in distinct pathways of androgen biosynthesis can be transcriptionally activated by ERRα, LRH-1, and SF-1; and their transactivations contribute to the increase of intratumoral androgen concentration in prostate cancer cells, resulting in activation of AR signaling and thus fueling the castration-resistant growth of prostate cancer cells.