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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pain. 2021 May 1;162(5):1379–1386. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002145

Table 3.

Adjusted Opioid Prescribing and Primary Care Acceptance Results for Clinics Responding to Both Scenarios (N=452)

Criteria Opioid Prescription (N=452) General Primary Care Acceptance (N=452)
OR CI OR CI
Scenario (ref cat = 2, stopped prescribing prompt)
 Scenario 1 (retired prompt) 1.38 1.13–1.69 1.03 0.71–1.49
State (ref cat = ‘MI’)
High Rates of Overdose Death [33.2]
 MA 1.08 0.52–2.24 0.90 0.29–2.81
 MD 1.22 0.61–2.46 2.83 0.81–9.86
 OH 0.84 0.42–1.65 1.76 0.59–5.27
Medium Rates of Overdose Death [21.5]
 NJ 1.37 0.71–2.63 1.33 0.46–3.88
 PA 1.27 0.61–2.65 3.00 0.75–11.94
Low Rates of Overdose Death [5.6]
 CA 2.01 1.00–4.07 1.69 0.51–5.65
 MS 0.41 0.20–0.85 1.68 0.63–4.48
 TX 0.80 0.40–1.58 1.83 0.61–5.52
Provider Count 1.08 1.03–1.13 1.11 1.00–1.23
Urbanicity (ref cat = ‘Rural’)
 Urban 1.39 0.95–2.03 2.61 1.46–4.68
FQHC Status (ref cat = ‘Not FQHC/ Unknown’)
 FQHC 2.29 1.28–4.10 4.26 0.54–33.41

FQHC, Federally Qualified Health Center.