Table 5.

Mean total score (± SD) of TCI-R subscales in healthy controls (n = 23) and in patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) (n = 23)

TCI-R subscales	Healthy controls	KS patients	p value
Novelty seeking (NS)	106.8 ± 10.7	107.1 ± 16.5	0.938
Harm avoidance (HA)	94.4 ± 15.7	93.0 ± 21.0	0.811
Reward dependence (RD)	102.9 ± 10.1	99.1 ± 14.3	0.318
Persistence (P)	111.9 ± 15.9	117.9 ± 20.5	0.300
Self-directedness (SD)	149.9 ± 20.5	135.3 ± 26.2	0.05
Cooperativeness (C)	130.4 ± 10.1	125.2 ± 13.4	0.159
Self-transcendence (ST)	56.6 ± 13.4	77.2 ± 18.2	0.0001