Table 1.
Proteins simultaneously modulated by the NBE and TPE
| Effects on the brain | |
|---|---|
| TPE elevated | |
| BDNF | Neurogenesis, neuroprotection, plasticity related to learning and memory [53] |
| Tomoregulin1 | Neuroprotection: binds amyloid-β (Aβ) [54] |
| VEGF | Neuroprotection, secreted by neurons [55] |
| MMP-2, 7, 8, 9 | Synaptic re-organization and memory [56] |
| Siglec | Neuroprotection; alleviates microglial toxicity [57, 58] |
| GRO-a | Oligodendrocyte proliferation and migration [59] |
| HB-EGF | Neuroprotection and function [60] |
| Angiogenin | Neuroprotection [61] |
| Robo4 | Neurogenesis [62] |
| OSM | Neuroprotection and homeostasis of neural precursor cells [63] |
| Neurturin | Neuroprotection and neurogenesis [64] |
| Endothelin | Functional activity: neurotransmission [65] |
| NBE elevated | |
| Platelet factor 4 | Neurogenesis [66] |
| Erythropoietin | Neuroprotection [67] |
| Fractalkine | Homeostasis: neuron/glia crosstalk [68] |
| TNF-β | Neuronal plasticity, synaptic scaling, hippocampal neurogenesis [69] |
| TIMP-2 | Inhibits neuronal proliferation and promotes the differentiation [70] |
| Betacellulin | Neurogenesis [71, 72] |
| GDF5 | Neurogenesis and neuroprotection [73, 74]. |
| Osteoactivin | Neuroprotection: expressed on microglia—phagocytosis of myelin debris [75] |
| IGF-BP2 | Neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory as well as information processing [76, 77] |
| uPA | Neuroprotection and repair [78, 79] |
| AgRP | Functional activity [80, 81] |