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. 2021 Apr 15;11:8288. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87417-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Relative transduction coefficients (ΔLog(τ/K_A)) for agonists to activate D₂R pathways. Concentration–response curves for each endpoint were fit to an operational model of agonism to determine (Log(τ/K_A)), this was normalized relative to dopamine to determine the relative transduction coefficient at each pathway (ΔLog(τ/K_A), Supp. Table. 1). Analysis of ΔLog(τ/K_A) values using a one-way ANOVA with Dunnet’s post hoc test revealed significant differences determined for each agonist in the Gαo assay as compared to that obtained in the other signaling and regulatory endpoints. * = P < 0.05. Data presented represents the mean ± S.E.M of at least 3 independent experiments (Supp. Table. 1). ξ denotes instances where agonist responses were not sufficiently robust to allow fitting of the operational model.