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. 2021 Apr 2;11:640448. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.640448

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Copyright © 2021 Gao, Zhang, Xiao, Ren, Yan, Yue, Wang, Wu, Lv and Wu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of DJB on hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed rats. (A) Experimental design: Male SD rats were fed with a 60% HFD to induce liver injury. At 8 weeks after HFD feeding, the rats were subjected to either DJB or sham operation. HFD was resumed 1 week after the surgery for 3 more weeks. The effect of DJB on hepatic steatosis was evaluated at 4 weeks after surgery. (B) Representative photomicrographs of liver histology from an HFD-fed DJB-operated rat (HFD-DJB) and an HFD-fed sham-operated rat (HFD-Sham). Original magnification, x200. (C) the percentage of steatotic hepatocytes in HFD-DJB and HFD-Sham rats. Original magnification, x200. (D) Representative photomicrographs of Oil Red O staining from a HFD-DJB rat and a HFD-Sham rat. Original magnification, x200. (E) Representative images of electron microscopy from a HFD-DJB rat and a HFD-Sham rat. (F) Liver triglyceride content in HFD-DJB and HFD-Sham rats. Hepatic mRNA expression of ACC1 (G), SCD1 (H), TGF‐β (I), MCP-1 (J), ICAM1 (K), TNF-α (L), and IL-10 (M) in HFD-DJB and HFD-Sham rats. Results are expressed as mean ± SE (HFD-Sham, n=5; HFD-DJB, n=6) and compared by Student’s t-test; *P<0.05 versus the HFD-Sham group. DJB, Duodenal-jejunal bypass surgery; HFD, High fat diet; NAS, NAFLD activity score; TG, triglycerides; ACC1, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1; SCD1, Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1; TGF‐β, Transforming growth factor beta; MCP-1, Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; ICAM1, Intercellular adhesion molecule 1; TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-10, Interleukin-10.