Table 8.

Characteristics and findings of the studies examining the association between ethnicity and type 2 diabetes.

Work	Year	Study	Design	Sample size (%DM)	%M/W	Age (Years)	Ethnicity	Follow-up duration (Years)	Adjusted variables	Findings
[177]	1983	RS	-	2638	46.81/53.19	$⩾$20	Melanesians and Indians	-	Age	The prevalence of diabetes in rural Indian men is 7.5 times more than rural Melanesian men, and is 2.93 times more in urban Indian males compared to urban Melanesian men. For women, the prevalence in rural and urban Indians is 12.6 and 1.5 times more compared to rural and urban Melanesians respectively.
[179]	1985	RS	-	61130 (1.87%)	M/W	All age	Asians and Europeans	-	Age	The prevalence of diabetes in Asians was 3.8 times higher than in Europeans. For the patients age between 40–64, the prevalence was at least 5 times higher in Asians.
[180]	1988	RS	-	253	65.6/ 34.4	35–69	Bangladeshi and Non-Asian	-	Age	The prevalence of diabetes in Bangladeshi men and women is 2.2 and 5.75 times compared to Non-Asian men and women respectively.
[181]	1989	RS	-	4020	48.4/ 51.6	20–79	Asian and White	-	Age	The prevalence of diabetes in Asian men and women are 4 and 2 times compared to White men (11.2% vs 2.8%) and women (8.9% vs 4.3%) respectively.
[175]	2003	BRFSS [191]	-	163584	48.6/51.4	$⩾$30	Asian, Black, Hispanic, Native American, Pacific Islander, White, Other and Multiracial	-	Age, sex and BMI	Ethnicity White Asian Black Hispanic Native American Pacific Islander Other Multiracial	OR 1.0 1.0 (10.7–1.4) 2.3 (2.1–2.6) 2.0 (1.8–2.3) 2.2 (1.6–2.9) 3.1 (1.4–6.8) 1.4 (1.0–1.9) 1.9 (1.5–2.9)
[176]	2006	NHS [80]	PCS	78419 (4.90%)	0/100	30–55	White, Asian, Hispanic, and Black	20	Age, BMI, family history of diabetes, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, and smoking	Ethnicity White Asian Hispanic Black	RR 1.0 1.94 (1.46–2.58) 1.70(1.28–2.26) 1.36(1.14–1.63)

RS-Random Sample, BRFSS-Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, NHS-Nurses’ Health Study, PCS-Prospective Cohort Study.