Figure 7.

Inverted feeding entrains diurnal rhythms of fatty acid oxidation in heart

(A) Heatmap showing 24-h profiles of all dual-oscillating metabolites in heart. Intensity levels are represented as the Z score scaled means. See Figure S7A.

(B) Venn diagram and phase-shift diagram showing the interaction between diurnal metabolites in heart under tRF regimens, 90.24% of which were phase inverted.

(C) Representative 24-h profiles of acylcarnitines in heart.

(D) Twenty-four-hour targeted lipidomics profiles of long-chain acyl-CoAs in heart.

(E) Twenty-four-hour expression profiles of diurnal genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. Red, DRF; blue, NRF. Data were represented as mean ± sem (n = 4 for genes, n = 4–5 for metabolites, n = 3 for acyl-CoAs). Multiple t tests with Bonferroni correction; p ≥ 0.05 is not shown, ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.