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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Laryngoscope. 2020 Sep 3;131(3):E738–E743. doi: 10.1002/lary.29072

Table 4.

The respondents’ level of agreement with whether changing Step 1 to Pass/Fail will have the following impacts.

Metrics Strongly Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree
A positive impact on incoming residents’ overall clinical knowledge and competency. 8 (3.1%) 7 (2.7%) 78 (30.4%) 105 (40.9%) 59 (23.0%)
A negative impact on incoming residents’ overall basic science knowledge. 52 (20.2%) 76 (29.6%) 84 (32.7%) 29 (11.3%) 16 (6.2%)
Lead to most programs using USMLE Step 2 CK scores as substitute. 79 (30.7%) 136 (52.9%) 35 (13.6%) 7 (2.7%) 0 (0%)
Benefit students from top-ranked schools at the expense of those from lower-ranked schools. 74 (28.8%) 108 (42.0%) 48 (18.7%) 20 (7.8%) 6 (2.3%)
Benefit students that are underrepresented in medicine. 20 (7.8%) 64 (24.9%) 77 (30.0%) 61 (23.7%) 34 (13.2%)
Put international medical graduates at a disadvantage for matching. 49 (19.1%) 83 (32.3%) 71 (27.6%) 47 (18.3%) 6 (2.3%)
Put DO medical students at a disadvantage for matching. 49 (19.1%) 69 (26.8%) 86 (33.5%) 46 (17.9%) 6 (2.3%)
Increase medical students’ anxiety/uncertainty regarding the number of interview invites. 54 (21.0%) 98 (38.1%) 66 (25.7%) 34 (13.2%) 4 (1.6%)
Increase medical students’ anxiety/uncertainty regarding obtaining interview invites at top programs. 61 (23.7%) 102 (39.7%) 68 (26.5%) 21 (8.2%) 4 (1.6%)
Improve mental health and wellness among medical students. 18 (7.0%) 49 (19.1%) 90 (35.0%) 66 (25.7%) 34 (13.2%)

CK: Clinical knowledge; DO: Doctor of osteopathic medicine