Table 2.
Association of clinicopathological and treatment characteristics with primary progressive disease by means of univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses
| Characteristics | No primary PD N (%) N=132 |
Primary PD N (%) N=37 |
Univariable analysis | Multivariable model | ||
| OR (95% CI) | P value* | OR (95% CI) | P value* | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 63 (47.7) | 15 (40.5) | Ref | 0.439 | ||
| Male | 69 (52.3) | 22 (59.5) | 1.34 (0.64 to 2.81) | |||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| <70 | 92 (69.7) | 26 (70.3) | Ref | 0.946 | ||
| ≥70 | 40 (30.3) | 11 (29.7) | 0.97 (0.44 to 2.16) | |||
| ECOG PS | ||||||
| 0 | 90 (68.2) | 14 (37.8) | Ref | 0.001 | Ref | 0.002 |
| ≥1 | 42 (31.8) | 23 (62.2) | 3.52 (1.65 to 7.52) | 3.48 (1.53 to 7.90) | ||
| Primary tumor sidedness | ||||||
| Left | 34 (25.8) | 15 (40.5) | Ref | 0.083 | ||
| Right | 98 (74.2) | 22 (59.5) | 0.51 (0.24 to 1.09) | |||
| RAS and BRAF mutational status | 0.955 | |||||
| All wild-type | 50 (37.9) | 15 (40.6) | Ref | |||
| RAS mutated | 38 (28.8) | 10 (27.0) | 0.88 (0.36 to 2.17) | |||
| BRAF mutated | 44 (33.3) | 12 (32.4) | 0.91 (0.38 to 2.15) | |||
| Synchronous metastases | 0.540 | |||||
| No | 61 (46.2) | 15 (40.5) | Ref | |||
| Yes | 71 (53.8) | 22 (59.5) | 1.26 (0.60 to 2.64) | |||
| Liver metastases | 0.455 | |||||
| No | 84 (63.6) | 26 (70.3) | Ref | |||
| Yes | 48 (36.4) | 11 (29.7) | 0.74 (0.34 to 1.63) | |||
| Lung metastases | 0.587 | |||||
| No | 102 (77.3) | 27 (73.0) | Ref | |||
| Yes | 30 (22.3) | 10 (27.0) | 1.26 (0.55 to 2.89) | |||
| Lymph nodal metastases | 0.114 | |||||
| No | 42 (31.8) | 17 (45.9) | Ref | |||
| Yes | 90 (68.2) | 20 (54.1) | 0.55 (0.26 to 1.15) | |||
| Peritoneal metastases | 0.001 | |||||
| No | 87 (65.9) | 13 (35.1) | Ref | 0.001 | Ref | |
| Yes | 45 (34.1) | 24 (64.9) | 3.57 (1.66 to 7.67) | 3.88 (1.69 to 8.91) | ||
| Bone metastases | ||||||
| No | 126 (95.5) | 33 (89.2) | Ref | 0.166 | ||
| Yes | 6 (4.5) | 4 (10.8) | 2.55 (0.68 to 9.55) | |||
| No of metastatic sites | ||||||
| 1 | 56 (42.4) | 12 (32.4) | Ref | 0.275 | ||
| ≥2 | 76 (57.6) | 25 (67.6) | 1.54 (0.71 to 3.32) | |||
| Prior systemic treatment for metastatic disease | ||||||
| No | 33 (25.0) | 3 (8.1) | Ref | 0.034 | Ref | 0.122 |
| Yes | 99 (75.0) | 34 (91.9) | 3.78 (1.09 to 13.11) | 2.89 (0.75 to 11.08) | ||
| Time from metastatic condition to ICI treatment start | ||||||
| <18 months | 91 (68.9) | 23 (62.2) | Ref | 0.438 | ||
| ≥18 months | 41 (31.1) | 14 (37.8) | 1.35 (0.63 to 2.89) | |||
| ICI regimen | ||||||
| Anti-PD-1 | 84 (63.6) | 32 (86.5) | Ref | 0.012 | Ref | 0.015 |
| Anti-CTLA-4+ anti-PD-1 | 48 (36.4) | 5 (13.5) | 0.27 (0.10 to 0.75) | 0.26 (0.09 to 0.77) | ||
*Bold values denote statistical significance.