Table 1.

Potential gene targets

Crop	Gene	Allele	Sequence variation	Phenotype	References
Wheat	Reduced height (Rht)‐B1b and Rht‐D1b	Rht‐B1a, Rht‐B1b, Rht‐D1a, Rht‐D1b	SNP	Reduced plant height	Peng et al. (1999), Ellis et al. (2002)
	Ppd‐D1	Ppd‐D1a, Ppd‐D1b	Large deletions/insertions within promoter region Or copy number variation	Photoperiod insensitivity, and flowering under both SD and LD photoperiods.	Beales et al. (2007)
	GW2‐A1	G2373A	SNP	increased TGW	Simmonds et al. (2016)
	Pina‐D	Various	Various (mainly SNPs)	Grain hardness	Bhave and Morris (2008), Chen et al. (2012)
	NAM‐B1	Gpc‐B1	SNP	Grain protein content	Uauy et al. (2006)
	Lr34	Lr34res	SNPs	Disease resistance	Dakouri et al. (2010), Krattinger et al. (2009), Chauhan et al. (2015)
	Lr67	LR67res	SNPs	Disease resistance	Moore et al. (2015)
	MLO	mlo	SNPs	Disease resistance	Büschges et al. (1997), Wang et al. (2014)
Rice	GW2		Loss of function	Increased TGW	Song et al. (2007)
	NRT	NRT1.1B	SNP	Higher nitrogen use efficiency	Hu et al. (2015), Li et al. (2018a,b)
	Os8N3		Loss of function	Disease resistance	Kim et al. (2019)
	ALS1		SNP	Herbicide tolerance	Kuang et al. (2020)
Oilseeds	FAD2 and FAD3		SNP	High oleic oil content	Yang et al. (2012), Haun et al. (2014), Okuzaki et al. (2018), Jiang et al. (2017), Morineau et al. (2017)
	ALS1		SNP	Herbicide tolerance	Li et al. (2015)