FIGURE 3.

The effects of different concentrations of [Ca²⁺]_o on the [Ca²⁺]_i transients and contractions in healthy, DMD adult male and DMD adult female iPSC‐CMs. (A‐C) Representative [Ca²⁺]_i transients and contractions from healthy, adult male and adult female iPSC‐CMs in the presence of different concentrations of [Ca²⁺]_o. (D) [Ca²⁺]_i transient amplitude (Ramp). (E) Maximal rate of [Ca²⁺]_i rise (+d[Ca²⁺]/dt). (F) Maximal rate of [Ca²⁺]_i decay (−d[Ca²⁺]/dt). (G) Maximal amplitude (Lamp). (H) Maximal contraction rate (+dL/dt). (I) Maximal relaxation rate (−dL/dt). iPSC‐CMs were stimulated at a frequency 20% higher than the spontaneous firing rate. The effect of different concentrations of [Ca²⁺]_oon the [Ca²⁺]_i transient parameters of adult male (n=11), adult female (n=15) and healthy, n = 22) cardiomyocytes was expressed as per cent change of Control (2 mmol/L [Ca²⁺]_o The effect of different concentrations of [Ca²⁺]_o on contraction parameters of adult male (n=10), adult female (n=17) and healthy (n=17) cardiomyocytes was expressed as per cent change of Control (2 mmol/L [Ca²⁺]_o. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (vs Control, 2 mmol/L [Ca2+]_o). Two‐way ANOVA test was performed followed by Holm‐Sidak post hoc test