Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 associated female patients (18–44 years old) by pregnancy status
| Characteristic | Pregnant1 n(%2) |
Not Pregnant n(%2) |
p-value4 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 1609 | 20,884 | |
| History of chronic diseases7 | |||
| Congestive heart failure | 9 (0.6) | 359 (1.7) | < 0.0015 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | 167 (10.4) | 2224 (10.7) | 0.74 |
| Valvular disease | 22 (1.4) | 299 (1.4) | 0.91 |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders | 12 (0.7) | 344 (1.7) | 0.01 |
| Peripheral vascular disorders | 2 (0.1) | 248 (1.2) | < 0.0015 |
| Hypertension, uncomplicated | 104 (6.5) | 2355 (11.3) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension, complicated | 7 (0.4) | 412 (2.0) | < 0.0015 |
| Paralysis | 0 (0.0) | 141 (0.7) | < 0.0015 |
| Other neurological disorders | 35 (2.2) | 904 (4.3) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 203 (12.6) | 3640 (17.5) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes, uncomplicated | 48 (3.0) | 1392 (6.7) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes, complicated | 17 (1.1) | 766 (3.7) | < 0.001 |
| Hypothyroidism | 81 (5.0) | 1042 (5.0) | > 0.99 |
| Renal failure | 2 (0.1) | 353 (1.7) | < 0.0015 |
| Liver disease | 26 (1.6) | 948 (4.6) | < 0.001 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 3 (0.2) | 138 (0.7) | 0.015 |
| AIDS/HIV | 4 (0.2) | 72 (0.3) | 0.665 |
| Lymphoma | 0 (0.0) | 49 (0.2) | 0.0485 |
| Metastatic cancer | 1 (0.1) | 82 (0.4) | 0.035 |
| Solid tumor without metastasis | 9 (0.6) | 244 (1.2) | 0.03 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseases | 16 (1.0) | 459 (2.2) | 0.002 |
| Coagulopathy | 71 (4.4) | 636 (3.1) | 0.003 |
| Obesity | 331 (20.6) | 3567 (17.1) | < 0.001 |
| Weight loss | 14 (0.9) | 391 (1.9) | 0.01 |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 265 (16.5) | 3313 (15.9) | 0.58 |
| Blood loss anemia | 15 (0.9) | 196 (0.9) | > 0.99 |
| Deficiency anemia | 88 (5.5) | 1021 (4.9) | 0.34 |
| Alcohol abuse | 15 (0.9) | 502 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
| Drug abuse | 85 (5.3) | 1176 (5.6) | 0.58 |
| Psychoses | 14 (0.9) | 304 (1.5) | 0.07 |
| Depression | 42 (2.6) | 734 (3.5) | 0.06 |
| Elixhauser AHRQ weighted comorbidity (continuous score) | 0 (0–0)3 | 0 (0–3)3 | 0.0016 |
| Elixhauser AHRQ weighted comorbidity (categorical score) | < 0.001 | ||
| < 0 | 386 (24.0) | 4166 (19.9) | |
| 0 | 822 (51.1) | 11,031 (52.8) | |
| 1–4 | 116 (7.2) | 2237 (10.7) | |
| > =5 | 285 (17.7) | 3450 (16.5) | |
| COVID-19 Medications | |||
| Hydroxychloroquine | 38 (2.4) | 525 (2.5) | 0.77 |
| Remdesivir | 3 (0.2) | 39 (0.2) | > 0.99 |
| Decadron or Prednisone | 36 (2.2) | 1029 (4.9) | < 0.001 |
| Aspirin and Plavix | 0 (0.0) | 22 (0.1) | 0.40 |
| Other anticoagulant | 219 (13.6) | 1721 (8.2) | < 0.001 |
| History of Gestational Diabetes | 163 (10.1) | 411 (2.0) | < 0.001 |
1 Defined by ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes; 2% = column percentage; 3 median (Q1-Q3)
4 Chi-square test (unless otherwise noted); 5 Fisher’s Exact test
6 Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test; 7 Up till January 1, 2015 (these are the diseases that make up the Elixhauser comorbidity index);