Table 2.

Multivariate analysis of risk factors for UD^a

Variables	Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P value
Age
Less than 50 yr	Reference	Reference
50 yr or above	1.29 (1.05–1.6)	1.34 (1.07–1.68)	0.013
Sex
Male	Reference	Reference
Female	1.35 (1.11–1.63)	1.42 (1.17–1.74)	<0.001
Marital status
Single	Reference	Reference
Married	1.56 (1.21–2.04)	1.57 (1.21–2.07)	<0.001
Family incomeb
Higher income	Reference	Reference
Lower income	1.77 (1.43–2.21)	1.79 (1.43–2.26)	<0.001
Use of NSAIDs and aspirin
Absent	Reference	Reference
Present	7.05 (2.23–22.3)	7.05 (2.11–23.55)	0.002
Psychological distress
Absent	Reference	Reference
Present	6.46 (3.81–10.93)	5.02 (2.87–8.76)	<0.001
Acute gastroenteritis
Absent	Reference	Reference
Present	9.3 (3.43–25.25)	5.42 (1.83–16)	0.002
Education
Up to class V	Reference	Reference
Class VI and above	0.82 (0.68–0.99)	1.07 (0.87–1.31)	0.546

CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; UD, uninvestigated dyspepsia.

^aAge, sex, marital status, family income, use of NSAIDs and aspirin, presence of psychological distress, history of acute gastroenteritis, and education were adjusted by stepwise logistic regression to estimate adjusted OR and P value.

^bLower family income ,10,000 taka/mo and higher family income .10,000 taka/mo. 1 US$ = 84.84 taka (dated August 30, 2020).