Table 3.
Cytokines Changes in the ECMO Circuits
| Time-Points | Groups | TNF-α (pg/mL) | IL-1β (pg/mL) | IL-6 (pg/mL) | IL-8 (pg/mL) | TGF-β1 (pg/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | NP-ECMO | 1.0±0.2 | 0.4±0.1 | 0.0±0.0 | 0.0±0.0 | 2106.7±312.6 |
| P-ECMO | 1.1±0.3 | 0.3±0.1 | 0.0±0.0 | 0.0±0.0 | 1923.6±234.4 | |
| Start of ECMO | NP-ECMO | 6.5±2.6 | 0.3±0.1 | 1.0±0.3 | 8.8±2.4 | 2312.0±211.7 |
| P-ECMO | 7.4±3.9 | 0.6±0.3 | 1.1±0.5 | 11.0±6.0 | 2045.8±294.3 | |
| ECMO 2hr | NP-ECMO | 14.7±6.4 | 3.5±0.5 | 12.0±3.2 | 26.5±7.4 | 2516.6±328.6 |
| P-ECMO | 8.0±4.2* | 4.6±1.7 | 12.3±5.7 | 23.3±7.2 | 4854.5±621.8# | |
| ECMO 6hr | NP-ECMO | 91.6±35.8 | 14.0±4.4 | 88.9±40.6 | 65.8±18.5 | 3431.3±764.1 |
| P-ECMO | 80.3±48.1 | 12.3±6.8 | 70.6±42.1 | 61.1±36.6 | 8674.1±1010.2# | |
| ECMO 12hr | NP-ECMO | 123.5±43.3 | 26.1±7.5 | 300.2±96.6 | 164.4±32.7 | 3708.2±886.5 |
| P-ECMO | 90.0±41.9* | 20.4±10.0 | 286.8±102.9 | 134.6±72.3 | 10,352.4±2456.3# | |
| ECMO 24hr | NP-ECMO | 141.1±65.0 | 31.7±7.9 | 457.7±180.4 | 192.7±77.7 | 4521.4±1024.4 |
| P-ECMO | 97.5±38.7# | 21.2±6.6* | 394.5±204.5 | 175.3±82.1 | 13,840.0±2277.8# |
Notes: *p<0.05, pulsatility versus non-pulsatility; #p<0.01, pulsatility versus non-pulsatility.
Abbreviations: NP, non-pulsatile; P, pulsatile; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin; TGF, tissue growing factor.