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. 2021 Apr 12;16:2789–2801. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S299515

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© 2021 Zhang et al.

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Effects of GNPs on osteogenic gene expression via Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with citrate-stabilized AuNRs with various aspect-ratio for 3, 5 and 7 days. (A–D) Real-time PCR analysis of ALP, Runx-2, COL1 and OPN expressions. (E) Western blot analysis and (F–H) relative protein level of Runx-2, COL1 and OPN expressions. (I) Western blot analysis and (J and K) relative protein level of β-catenin and p-GSK-3β expressions. Asterisk indicates statistically significant differences between control and experience group (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.005).