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. 2021 Apr 12;14:809–820. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S285469

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© 2021 Verma et al.

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Commonality between pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis and insulin resistance.

Notes: Adapted from Wasko MC, Kay J, Hsia EC, Rahman MU. Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: risk reduction in a chronic inflammatory disease. © 2011 the American College of Rheumatology.¹⁵

Abbreviations: TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin.