Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies in the systematic review and meta-analysis for the prevalence of anti-HCV in Ethiopia, 2020.
| First author, publication year [reference] | Region | Study group | Sampling technique | Sample | Positive | Diagnostic method | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abate and Wolde, 2016 [36] | Somali | Blood donors | Consecutive | 6827 | 99 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Abebe et al., 2020 [78] | Oromia | Blood donors | Consecutive | 17810 | 114 | ELISA | |
| Abera et al., 2017 [37] | Amhara | Adult population | Random | 481 | 5 | RDT | High |
| Abera et al., 2014 [38] | Amhara | HIV | Random | 253 | 14 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Abdella et al., 2020 [77] | Nation-wide | Blood donors | Random | 554954 | 2220 | ELISA | |
| Alemayehu et al., 2011 [39] | SNNPR | Mixed | Consecutive | 800 | 66 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Ameha et al., 2019 [76] | Amhara | VCT | Random | 382 | 8 | RDT | Moderate |
| Amsalu et al., 2016 [40] | SNNPR | Mixed | Entire | 234 | 2 | RDT | High |
| Anagaw et al., 2012 [18] | Amhara | Mixed | Not stated | 200 | 1 | RDT | High |
| Asemahagn, 2020 [79] | Amhara | Surgical | Random | 422 | 18 | RDT | |
| Assefa et al., 2013 [41] | Amhara | Blood donors | Entire | 2384 | 15 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Ataro et al., 2018 [42] | SAC | Blood donors | Entire | 6376 | 61 | ELISA | Low |
| Atsbaha et al., 2016 [43] | Tigray | Mixed | Random | 302 | 13 | RDT | Low |
| Ayano et al., 2020 [80] | SAC | Psychiatric | Random | 309 | 4 | ELISA | |
| Ayele and Gebre-Selassie, 2013 [25] | SAC | Liver disease | Convenient | 120 | 27 | RDT | High |
| Ayele et al., 2020 [81] | Gambella | Refugees | Convenient | 453 | 9 | ELISA | |
| Azerefegn et al., 2018 [73] | SNNPR | Blood donors | Entire | 6849 | 48 | ELISA | Low |
| Bafa and Egata, 2019 [82] | SNNPR | Pregnant women | Random | 222 | 4 | ELISA | |
| Balew et al., 2014 [44] | Amhara | HIV | Random | 395 | 5 | RDT | Low |
| Berhanu S, 2018 [74] | Amhara | Blood donors | Entire | 7255 | 49 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Biadgo et al., 2017 [45] | Amhara | Blood donors | Entire | 6471 | 51 | ELISA | Low |
| Birhaneselassie et al., 2016 [46] | SNNPR | Blood donors | Entire | 6337 | 38 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Birku T, 2015 [19] | Amhara | Military personnel | Random | 403 | 1 | RDT | Low |
| Bisetegen et al., 2016 [47] | SNNPR | Blood donors | Consecutive | 390 | 33 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Dabsu Ejeta, 2018 [48] | Oromia | Pregnant women | Convenient | 421 | 34 | RDT | Low |
| Dagnew M, 2020 [83] | Amhara | Pregnant women | Random | 1121 | 18 | ELISA | |
| Demsiss et al., 2018 [49] | Amhara | Health students | Random | 408 | 3 | ELISA | Low |
| Deressa et al., 2018 [20] | Amhara | Blood donors | Entire | 8460 | 27 | ELISA | Low |
| Ejeta and Dabsu, 2019 [50] | Oromia | Pregnant women | Consecutive | 421 | 34 | ELISA | Low |
| Gebrekristos et al., 2018 [51] | Tigray | Mixed | Not stated | 460 | 77 | ELISA | High |
| Hadush et al., 2013 [52] | Tigray | Mixed | Not stated | 300 | 18 | ELISA | High |
| Hebo et al., 2019 [21] | Oromia | Health workers | Random | 240 | 1 | ELISA | Low |
| Heyredin et al., 2019 [53] | Mixed | Blood donors | Consecutive | 500 | 5 | ELISA | Low |
| Juhar et al., 2018 [54] | SAC | Hemodialysis | Not stated | 253 | 7 | ELISA | High |
| Kebede et al., 2017 [55] | Oromia | Prisoner | Random | 156 | 4 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Manyazewal et al., 2014 [56] | SAC | Mixed | Not stated | 500 | 18 | ELISA | Low |
| Mekonnen et al., 2015 [57] | SAC | Waste handlers | Random | 252 | 4 | ELISA | Low |
| Metaferia et al., 2018 [58] | Amhara | Pregnant women | Consecutive | 385 | 5 | RDT | Low |
| Million et al., 2019 [75] | Amhara | Mixed | Convenient | 610 | 30 | ELISA | Low |
| Mohammed and Bekele, 2016 [22] | Somali | Blood donors | Entire | 4224 | 17 | ELISA | Moderate |
| Molla et al., 2015 [23] | Amhara | Pregnant women | Random | 384 | 1 | RDT | Low |
| Mulu et al., 2013 [59] | Amhara | HIV | Not stated | 269 | 8 | ELISA | High |
| Negash et al., 2019 [60] | Amhara | Blood donors | Consecutive | 310 | 13 | ELISA | Low |
| Seid et al., 2014 [61] | Amhara | Pregnant women | Random | 385 | 8 | RDT | Low |
| Shiferaw et al., 2019 [62] | Amhara | Blood donors | Entire | 35435 | 213 | ELISA | Low |
| Shimelis et al., 2019 [63] | SNNPR | HIV | Not stated | 477 | 15 | RDT | Low |
| Taye et al., 2019 [64] | SNNPR | Surgery patients | Random | 422 | 23 | RDT | Moderate |
| Taye et al., 2014 [65] | SNNPR | Chronic hepatitis | Not stated | 220 | 8 | RDT | High |
| Taye and Lakew, 2013 [66] | SAC | HIV | Nonprobability | 387 | 25 | RDT | Moderate |
| Teklemariam et al., 2018 [67] | Harari | Blood donors | Entire | 11382 | 91 | ELISA | Low |
| Tesfa et al., 2013 [68] | Amhara | General | Entire | 2684 | 332 | RDT | Moderate |
| Tessema et al., 2010 [69] | Amhara | Blood donors | Consecutive | 6361 | 45 | ELISA | Low |
| Tigabu et al., 2019 [70] | Amhara | Blood donors | Entire | 5983 | 96 | ELISA | Low |
| Wondimeneh et al., 2013 [71] | Amhara | HIV | Not stated | 400 | 18 | RDT | Low |
| Yami et al., 2011 [24] | Oromia | Blood donors | Random | 6063 | 10 | ELISA | Low |
| Zenebe et al., 2015 [72] | Amhara | Pregnant women | Nonprobability | 318 | 2 | ELISA | Moderate |
SAC, self-administrative cities (Addis Ababa and/or Dire Dawa); ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; RDT, rapid diagnostic test; SNNPR, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region; HIV, human immune virus; VCT, voluntary counseling and testing.